| Summary: | 碩士 === 東吳大學 === 日本語文學系 === 98 === In modern Chinese language, the two words “不” and “沒(有)” are always considered as the representive words of negation, because of the high using frequency. Although there are a lot of parallels between these two words, we can still find the difference by observing froms ome particular points of view. This re search started from the position of a Chinese language learner, collected and analyzed actual examples, & tired to find out the similarities and distinctions between “不” and “沒(有)” in various conditions. Finally,used the analyzed result to think about the possibilities of comparative study of Chinese language and Japanese language in negative sentences.
This research collected the actual examples of “不” and “沒(有)” which are used in modern novels; it analyzed the examples with the points of view as following. First, judge the“不” and “沒(有)” in which sentence is a independent element or a modifier of other elements, then dividing them into “not-modifying form” and “modifying form”. Second, focus on the “modifying form” & examine the relative position betw een the modified elements of “不” and “沒(有)”. Third, according to the result of relative position analysis, think about the part of speech of the modified, then discuss about the relationships between “不”,“沒(有)” and the tense. Use the system of “absolute tense” and ”relative tense”, to consider the restriction and relationship with the intention of verbs. Finally, based on the analysis of this research, consider the possibilities and assignments of the study of the negative sentence in Chinese and Japanese.
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