The stress of Russian verbs

• Main Authors: Huang Kuei-Chu, 黃貴珠
• Other Authors: Chen Jaw-Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2010
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55631754176254679340

碩士 === 中國文化大學 === 俄國語文學系 === 98 === Most of the Russian learners in Taiwan are easy to neglect the importance of the Russian stress, which has the effect of distinguishing the meaning between words. Some of ten parts of speech, such as nouns, pronouns, adjectives and numerals require declension; verbs are conjugated by person, at the same time, the stress may also change. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the free and the moveable stress of Russian verbs. There are two types of stress in association with a certain syllable of a word： 1) The fixed stress always falls on a certain syllable of a word. For example, in Finnish, Hungarian, Czech and Latvian the stress always falls on the first syllable, in Polish - on the last but one syllable, in French - on the last syllable. 2) The free stress can fall on any syllable of a word, but each word, of course, has its definite stressed syllable. This type of stress is in Ukrainian, Lithuanian and Russian. For example, the free stress of Russian words, which not only can distinguish the meaning from one to another, but also can tell the grammatical forms of words apart：мука́ (flour) – му́ка (pain), замо́к (lock) – за́мок (castle)；пи́ща (food - noun) – пища́ (to whine - gerund) (original form the verb пища́ть). Languages with free stress can have one of the two following types of stress： 1) The stable stress does not change its place within the paradigm of the word while being declined or conjugated. 2) The moveable stress does change its place within the paradigm of the same word. For example：го́род (singular Nominative case) – city – города́ (plural Nominative case)；рука́ (singular Nominative case) – hand – ру́ку (singular Accusative case). According to the analysis of verbal accent experiments, the general percentage of errors is about 28.3%. The average percentage of errors both in the stable stress and the moveable stress test in the third-year college students (38.7%：26.7%) and in the fourth-year college students (38.6%：24.6%). The result shows the students from Chinese Culture University, Chengchi University and Tamkang University do not have a good command of Russian verbal stress. When they meet the words either with stable or moveable stress, they just read them with their personal habits or preference. There is no shortcut to learning the Russian stress. Therefore, in order to improve their errors, there are some suggestions as follows：1) pay attention to place the stress in most frequently use Russian verbs；2) familiarize with the basic concepts of Russian stress；3) develop good habits in reading and listening in Russian.