| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 森林環境暨資源學研究所 === 98 === In recent years, environmental consciousness is rising in Taiwan and people pay much attention to soapnut tree(Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.) because of its functions. The soapnut trees can be cleaner and remedies in folk medicine. Therefore, screening superior germplasm resources of soapnut trees becomes an important issue.
In this study, the sapogenins content in soapnut tree pericarp was adopted to be the index of soapnut mother trees quality. Hence, we used modified hydrolysis method to quantify fifteen mother trees around Taiwan. This method is more specific and accurate than vanillin sulfuric acid assay and organic extract crude method which are conventional quantity method for saponin.
The pericarp of soapnut trees were collected monthly (from July to October, 2009) from the mother trees located in Zhishan Yen, Taipei city (Tp), Bali,Taipei county (BL) Nantou 151 County road at 1 Km (Nt 1k) and 3 Km (Nt 3k), Danei (DTn) and Zouchen, Tainan (ZTn1~3), Hualien (HL north, east and Tai-Tun), Dong-he (Tt1~3) and Da-Wu (DTt), Taitung and Kaohsiung (Ks) in Taiwan. According to the results, there is a rising trend for every mother trees which were observed. Except for the mother trees in HL (east), the sapogenins content in soapnut tree pericarp decreased slightly from 169.34 to 168.71 mg/g in September to October. In addition, it had the maximum sapogenins content in soapnut tree pericarp in these fifteen mother trees. Then the second and third place in sixteen mother trees is the mother tree in DTn and ZTn2, repectively. The least one is the mother tree in HL (Tai-Tun), its sapogenins content in soapnut tree pericarp is 52.55 mg/g.
To realize which parameters affect the difference in maximum sapogenin content in soapnut tree prericarp and their growth rate, we used the three coefficients form sigmoid, slope (single coefficient) from linear function and the values of maximum sapogenin content in soapnut tree prericarp as independent variables, soil properties and environmental parameters as dependent variables. Soil properties include water content in soil, soil pH value, CEC, EC, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and testing soil for K, Ca and Mg will be measured. And environmental parameters include mean slope in each quadrat, DTM, mean annual temperature, average temperature from July to October, average precipitation from July to October, total precipitation from July to October, annual total precipitation, forestry area and forestry densty. All of these parameters were conducted to Pearson’s correlation and linear regression. As the results indicate, there are no directly relation between maximum sapogenin content in soapnut tree prericarp, the three coefficients form sigmoid, slope from linear function and soil properties, environmental parameters. In that case, the individual differences have more influence on soapnut tree than soil and environmental parameters.
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