Studies on salt tolerance of crops seedling

• Main Authors: Tsung-Hsien Yang, 楊宗憲
• Other Authors: Jyh-Shyan Tsay
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2010
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78359896911980854051

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 園藝學系研究所 === 98 === The serious ground subsidence and recurrent flooding at some Taiwan’s low-terrain coasts have caused plants to be immersed in stress and their roots rotten or plants dead. Furthermore, these plants cultivated in the salt stress and high-salinity soils due to sea water encroachment and strong evaporation lack water necessary to their growths and grow unhealthily. With ‘Tainumg No. 1’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Tainumg No. 1’) and ‘Tsuchiu’ cabbage (Brassica oleraceae Capitata Group ‘Tsuchiu’) regarded as object crops corresponding to the salt tolerance and the salt sensitive respectively in this study, we simulate 10 types of salt stress (0.1%~3%) and investigate the salt tolerance of 37 crops’ seedlings by referring to three parameters such as dry matter accumulation ratio, leaf electrolyte leakage ratio, and leaf osmotic potential and 0% as the control group. On the other hand, taking 6 indices such as dry matter accumulation index, leaf electrolyte leakage ratio index, leaf osmotic adjustment index (processed with the 0.5% sodium chloride solution), dry matter accumulation ratio slope, leaf electrolyte leakage ratio slope, and leaf osmotic potential slope (processed with the 0%~0.5% sodium chloride solution) as references to determine seedlings’ salt tolerance, we obtain outcomes shown as follows. (1) ‘Heimeizhen’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Heimeizhen’): Good salt tolerance crop (maximal dry matter accumulation index = -7%) in contrast to ‘Hungtsuan’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ‘Hungtsuan’) (minimal dry matter accumulation index = -82%. (2) ‘Tainumg No. 1’ maize and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.): Good salt tolerance crop (minimal leaf electrolyte leakage ratio index = 7%) in contrast to ‘capitata’ lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) (maximal leaf electrolyte leakage ratio index = 74%). (3) ‘Tainumg No. 1’ maize (seed collecting): Good salt tolerance crop (maximal leaf osmotic adjustment index = -17%) in contrast to ‘Crispa’ lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Crispa’) (minimal leaf osmotic adjustment index = -94%). Under the same evaluation standards, 13 crops are categorized to the strong salt tolerance level, for instance, ‘Tainumg No. 1’ maize, ‘Tainumg No. 1’maize (seed collecting), ‘Romaine’ lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Romaine’), ‘Tainan No. 21’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Tainan No. 21’), water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk), ‘Tungching’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica compestris L. spp. chinensis var. Communis Tsen et Lee ‘Tungching’), ‘Heye’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica compestris L. spp. chinensis var. Communis Tsen et Lee ‘Heye’), lettuce, ‘Heimeizhen’ maize, djulis (Chenopodium formosanum), floramor (Amaranthus caudatus L.), ‘Heiye’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica compestris L. spp. chinensis var. Communis Tsen et Lee ‘Heiye’), and sesbania (Sesbania roxburghii Merr.); 12 middle salt tolerance crops, for instance, ‘Tainan No. 20’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Tainan No. 20’), ‘Syuezhen’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Syuezhen’), pickled cabbage (Brassica campestris L. spp. chinensis var. komatsuna Mastsum.), black mustard (Brassica nigra (L.) W. D. J. Koch), ‘Huazhen’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Huazhen’), ‘Hsiawang’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica chinensis L. var. Pak-choi ‘Hsiawang’), adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Wild.) Ohwi et Ohashi), ‘Jizhen’ maize (Zea mays L. ‘Jizhen’), leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czerniak. et Coss), amaranth (Amaranthus mangostanus L.), edible rape (Brassica campestris L. ), and ching chiuan tsai (Brassica compestris L. × Brassica campestris L.); 8 middle salt sensitive crops, for instance, ‘Fongtian’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica compestris L. spp. Chinensis var. Communis Tsen et Lee ‘Fongtian’), ‘Shienku’ winter squash (Cucurbita moschata L. ‘Shienku’), ‘Wanye’ lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Wanye’), ‘Mu Kua Hsing’ winter squash (Cucurbita moschata L. ‘Mu Kua Hsing’), ‘Guangdao’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica compestris L. spp. chinensis var. Communis Tsen et Lee ‘Guangdao’), ‘Hungtsuan’ tomato, ‘CL5915-930c-1-0-3’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ‘CL5915-930c-1-0-3’), and ‘capitata’ lettuce; 4 salt sensitive crops, for instance, ‘Tsuchiu’ cabbage, ‘Tainumg No. 1’ chinese white cabbage (Brassica compestris L. spp. chinensis var. Communis Tsen et Lee ‘Tainumg No. 1’), ‘Crispa’ lettuce, and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilcz.). With the regression analysis conducted to 6 salt tolerance indices, the strong correlation is observed between each of these 6 indices and the salt tolerance-weighted index and between each of 2 indices such as leaf osmotic adjustment index and leaf osmotic potential slope and other indices. As two representative indices, the leaf osmotic adjustment index and the leaf osmotic potential slope have the potential to become the simple estimate index for salt tolerance.