| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 客家語文研究所 === 98 === Hakka people (Người Hẹ) of Chinese ethnic group (Dân Tộc Hoa) in Vietnam is the main object of study. This thesis aims at discussing the history of Hakka immigrants in Vietnam and their language situation. From the chronological framework of Hakka migration from their homeland, mainland China, to Vietnam, the relationship between Hakka and other local ethnic minorities is the focus of discussion. Language contact between Hakka and local ethnic groups, including different Chinese dialect ethnic groups, had became competition among languages in use. Both the government policy of Chinese language education and language competition among Chinese communities are the key factors on the impact on the development of Hakka language in Vietnam. Based on field works and literature reviews, the author constructs the history of Chinese people in Vietnam as a whole and looks at the pivotal position of the Hakka people and their language change in Vietnam in particular. The first-handed observations and interviews in Vietnam, Taiwan and other places, help the author to rebuild the new memory of Hakka in Vietnam.
From this study the author found that Hakka language could be understood better by the framework of migration history and language competition. Migration history could help the understanding of the distribution of Hakka people in Vietnam. It made the situation of Hakka language different in North Vietnam from South Vietnam region. There are two other minorities in Vietnam, Ngaí (Dân Tộc Ngaí) and Nung (Dân Tộc Nùng), whose language are similar to the Hakka language. The thesis identifies different pattern of language borrowing from other languages. A detailed case study was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City where there is the biggest Hakka community in Vietnam. The relation between Hakka and Cantonese language was discussed in the thesis. In addition, language policy from Government and its impact on Hakka language would be further discussed.
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