| Summary: | 博士 === 國立交通大學 === 交通運輸研究所 === 98 === Significant changes in the shipping market cause port authorities facing the new challenges and opportunities. Increasing ship size, greater negotiating power and greater market share of shipping companies through alliances may heighten competitions among ports, regional ports especially. In order to cope with the ever-increasing competitive environment and enhance the overall competitiveness of ports in a region, cooperation between adjacent container ports as well as integration of regional ports is emerging. In view of competition between adjacent ports in a region, or in a country with small area like Taiwan sometimes leads to a waste of resources and could be detrimental to the economy, it is very important to integrate adjacent ports through inter-port cooperation to enhance the overall competitiveness of all ports in same region and country.
The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Taiwan ports and others main ports in Asia and the influence of cooperation and competition on the overall competitiveness of ports in a region. These results would further be applied to the planning and development of the major container ports in Taiwan. The first part of this study explores the relationships among major Asia ports based on the historical port throughput data by using a set of time series analysis methods. The second part explores causal relationships between influential factors of ports cooperation and competitiveness, types of port cooperation (i.e. complementary cooperation and coopetition), integration of ports, and the overall competitiveness of ports in a region, by using methods such as factor analysis, SEM etc..
The findings indicate that there were long-term equilibrium relationship and short-term relationships existed among three container ports in Taiwan as well as with Asian ports. Through generalized impulse response function and forecast error variance decomposition, it showed that ports in Mainland China had more influence than other ports on Taiwan ports, Keelung and Taichung ports especially. Moreover, most ports of Mainland China were negatively influence on Taiwan. As to the effects of cooperation and integration, it reveals that complementary cooperation, coopetition and integration of ports all would positively influence the overall competitiveness of ports in a region.
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