Risk Factors for Chronic Disease and the Effects of Health Promotion Program in Obese and Overweight Adults with Intellectual Disability

• Main Authors: Yu Tseng, 曾郁
• Other Authors: Mei-Chich Hsu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2009
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57188968349116123857

碩士 === 國立體育大學 === 運動科學研究所 === 98 === Obesity and overweight are independent risk factors for chronic disease, and have constantly shown on individuals with lower levels of physical fitness. However, adults with intellectual disabilities who are obese and overweight appear to have high rates of sedentary behavior and demonstrate to be higher than that in the general population. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to survey the risk factors for chronic disease and examine the effect of a 12-week health promotion program in obese and overweight adults with intellectual disabilities. METHOD: A total of 31 institution-living adults (BMI >23) with intellectual disabilities ages 30 years and older (18 females, 13 males, M age = 37. 9 years) were randomly selected into an intervention (n=19) or control group (n=12). The intervention group participated in a 12-week, 3 days per week, exercise and health education program. The exercise program consisted of cardiovascular (40 minutes) and strength exercise (30 minutes) for 12 weeks, 3 days a week for 60-minutes per session. Pre-, post-, and 1-years follow outcome measures include weight, height, waist circumference, resting blood pressure, as well as fasting plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, and glucose (sampled after a 8-hour overnight fast). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures was used to examine statistically significant differences between pre, post and 1-years follow outcome measures. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine statistically significant differences between intervention and control group in post-test and 1-years follow outcome measures. RESULTS: Overall, 11 females (61.1%) and 11 males (81.8%) with higher waist circumferences. Males had higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure than normal values. Mean concentrations for fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerol were within normal limits in pre-test. Compared to the pre-test in intervention group, the post-test outcome improved significantly in bodyweight, BMI, waist, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure; female had significantly greater improvement in bodyweights, BMIs, fasting blood glucoses and waists than did male. Compared to the post-test values between the two groups, the intervention group improved significantly in bodyweight and BMI, but had higher waist circumferences than control group. Compared to the 1-year follow values between the two groups, the intervention group was significantly higher in bodyweight and BMI than control group, male who in the control group had significantly lower total cholesterol level than did male who in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The reductions of chronic disease risk factors as results of the health promotion program are concluded. We suggested that efforts in exercise and nutrition education must be made for the individual with intellectual disabilities. The health promotion program in adults with intellectual disabilities should be hold on.