| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 公共行政與政策學系 === 98 === Social Assistance system is the last-ditch of Social Safety Net. The Social Assistance, is established to deal with the problem of poverty, and based on the investigation of income or assets, to adopt the Residual Model to relief poor for the qualifiers. In the legislative history of public assistance act, the "Public Relief Act" which is used since the government relocated to Taiwan in 1949, was designed passive, and not helping to free low-income families from poverties. After "Public Assistance Act" promulgated in 1980, it does not only discard the passive "Public Relief Act", but also points out the direction of legislation.
The "Public Assistance Act" has been revised five times since it was published, and there are laws and regulations of the payment standards on social assistance, such as the definition of poverty line, calculating the number of people live in the house hold, the calculation of total family income, and the salary or wage income. But based on paragraph 4 of article 4, municipal competent authorities shall define document requirements, evaluation and approval procedures of the low-income families. Besides, according to Item 2, Paragraph 3, Article 18 and Item 2, Paragraph 3, Article 19 of the "Local Government Act", they are the self-government matters of special municipalities and counties/cities. Based on this, according to the financial sources, the central and municipal or county/city competent authorities may provide the low-income families more difficult standards which inconsistent with the "Social Assistance Act", and that makes the count of people or families of the low-income does not over 1% of the total population or families.
This thesis is based on the study of the "Public Assistance Act" and the payment standards on social assistance, to research the cause of "New Poverty" and "Near Poverty" in economic globalization.
The main issue is the relation between the poverty and the "Public Assistance Act", which describe connection of poverty and globalization, definition of poverty, and the change of poverty; and it also explains the rise of "New Poverty" and the problems come along. In addition, the advantage of the "Public Assistance Act" to the poverty, and the position in the social security system, are the base of the research of following chapters.
The first sub issue is back to the legal level. It explains the laws and regulations of Social Assistance, which are regulate by constitution, Social Relief Law, and Public Assistance Act. We also inspect the development of Public Assistance Act, which includes five times of the legislative history of amending the Law, and the treatise of the payments for middle or low-income families.
The second sub issue points out the problems of current payment standards on social assistance. By researching the "Public Assistance" and the current payment standards of central and municipal or county/city competent authorities, it is the core research section of this thesis to analyze the problems, and in my viewpoint, in spite of the amendment, our present "Public Assistance Act" still has drawbacks on payment standards of social assistance. Due to this reason, I try to indicate these drawbacks and provide improvements.
The last issue focuses on the payment standards on social assistance. To be brief, this paper anticipates constructing more rational payment standards of social assistance. I try to give some recommendation of the payment standards on social assistance, and also the discussion in legal level, hoping to help the "New Poverty" and "Near Poverty" people not to be at the edge of social assistance.
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