| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 園藝學系所 === 98 === Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), hybrid cv. Known You 301 (Known You seed company), were grown in greenhouse at the National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan in different substrates as follows: C100 (100% coconut fiber); CP75 (75%coconut fiber + 25% peat moss); CP50 (50% coconut fiber + 50% peat moss); CP25 (25% coconut fiber + 25% peat moss) and of P100 (100% peat moss). The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replicates, in which each replicate consisted of 24 plants. The tomato plants were supplied by nutrient solution everyday with pH value 5.8 to 6.0 and EC value 2.5 to 3.0.
The media from different ratio of substrates were collected every ten days and measured pH, EC. Bulk density, total porosity, container capacity, air- fill porosity and particle density were investigated at previous growing stage. Bulk density was ranged from 0.11 to 0.17 g/cm3. Total porosity was between 91.83 and 95.43%. The container capacity was ranged from 31.23 to 52.71% and air- fill porosity was ranged from 42.72 to 60.61%. The particle size was distributed between 7.76 and 22.88 % in coarse content and C100 medium substrate was highest in value of 19.41% with particle size ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 mm. The pH value at 80 days after transplanting was ranged from 4.6 to 6.1 and EC value was between 2.8 and 3.6.
The nutrient content of medium was estimated from 0 to 80 days after transplanting. Nitrogen and phosphorus content of P100 medium were 1.05 - 1.22% and 0.02 - 0.04%, respectively. Potassium content of C100 medium was ranged from 1.23 to 1.28% of and from 0.13 to 0.17% of magnesium content. CP25 medium substrate had calcium content 2.39 to 2.69%.
The nutrient content in leaves and stem were determined at 30, 60 and 85 days after transplanting. The nitrogen content in stem of P100 medium substrate at 30 DAT was highest with value of 3.0%. For C100 and P100 substrate, the phosphorus content in leaves at 85 days was 0.5%. The potassium content in stem of C100 substrate at 85 DAT was 4.63%. It was indicated that the potassium content was high accumulation in stem compared with in leaves. There were no significant differences in calcium content in stem between the plants grown in different substrates. However, calcium content in leaves of P100 substrate was ranged from 4.05 to 4.65%. The magnesium content in leaves at 85 days was 0.74% observed in C100 substrate. The micro elements of nutrient such iron, copper, zinc and manganese were increased C100 substrate during 85 days.
Tomato fruits were used for measurement the content of soluble solid (oBrix), fruit firmness, vitamin C (%), pericarp thickness and fruits size. The highest of plant height was obtained from CP25 substrate (168.92 cm) and P100 substrate (167.50 cm), respectively. The highest of leaf number was shown in CP75 substrate with 24.67 leaves. The mean of fruit weight in CP75 substrate was 84.25g per fruit. The mean of fruit yield per meter square in CP75, CP25 and P100 substrate were 41.88 kg; 47.30 kg and 56.71 kg, respectively. In the same way, the highest quality as soluble solid (5.58 0Brix), vitamin C (22.50 mg per 100g) and fruit firmness (1.98 kg/ cm2) was obtained from CP75 substrate.
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