| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 植物病理學系所 === 98 === Abstract
Pesticides not including nematicides were reported to affect nematodes at different stages throughout their life cycle. Thirteen fungicides, 7 herbicides and 6 insecticides that belongs to different chemical categories were evaluated for their effects on nematodes throughout their life cycle. Two different categories of plant parasitic nematodes and a free living nematode were included in this study; pesticides effects including direct toxicity, egg hatching rate, nematode penetration ability and population were evaluated. Results showed tree fungicides, five insecticides and five herbicides had the potential to be integrated into nematode control methods. Among these agents, Etridiazole, Profenofs, Abamectin, Pendimethalin and Butachlor had the most significant and consistent effects on inhibiting the nematodes. They showed the most strong direct toxicity to Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus coffeae, and could suppress the egg hatching rate of M. incognita. Some pesticides showed suppression to a specific life stage of nematode, for example, Streptomycin did not have direct toxicity to M. incognita, but could suppress the egg hatching rate. Some pesticides showed nematode-specific effects, for instance, 2,4-D had direct toxicity to M. incognita, but not to P. coffeae, and Glyphosate isopropyl amino had the opposite resuts. Although results indicating these non-nematicide pesticides had nematode controlling effects, the current recommendation concentration and application method of these pesticides were not adequate for practical usage. Further studies need to be done to integrate these pesticides into nematode disease management.
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