| Summary: | 碩士 === 銘傳大學 === 觀光研究所碩士在職專班 === 98 === Residents in offshore islands of Taiwan were used as the subject of this investigation. A total of 2,400 surveys were distributed, and 1953 of them were returned. Of the 1,953 returns, 390 came from residents of Penghu, 374 came from residents of Kinmen, 1,081 came from residents of Matsu (636 from Nankan, 197 from Beigan, 122 from Chukuang, and 126 from Dongyin), 63 came from residents of Liouciou, and 45 came from residents of Lanyu. The statistical software package, SPSS 12.0, was used for data analysis. The results are as follows:
1. A significant difference was found among residents of different attributes toward their cognition on the impact of tourism development, community attachment, and attitudes of development. Except gender, residents by different age, occupation, marital status, family’s monthly income, educational level, and length of residency showed significant influence on their cognition towards the impact of tourism development and community attachment. Residents by different age, occupation, and marital status showed significant influence on their attitudes toward tourism development
2. A significant difference is shown by residents with different levels of community attachment on tourism development and their cognition towards the impact of tourism development. Those with higher levels of community attachment tend to identify more with positive impacts brought by tourism development. Residents of Lanyu have the highest level of community attachment, and they also have the most enthusiastic attitudes toward tourism development. On the other hand, the attitudes of tourism development are not influenced by community attachments in residents of Kinmen and Beigan..
3. The difference in residents’ cognition towards the impact of tourism development significantly influences their attitudes toward tourism development. The cognition in aspects of economical, socio-cultural, and environmental impact would positively influence attitudes toward tourism development for residents of offshore islands.
4. Most of the residents in offshore islands believed that the development of other industries may be stimulated by the development of regional tourism, as well as improvements to the public facilities in the local. Hence, residents generally support the development of tourism in offshore islands. Residents of Kinmen, Nankan, Beigan, Chukuang, and Liouciou have the inclination that “my community shall use natural protection as the base for the development of local tourism”.
5. Residents of different residencies have different “satisfaction level of tourism development policy” towards local government. Residents of Liouciou (M=3.34) have the highest satisfaction level towards the policy of tourism development by the local government, followed by residents of Penghu (M=3.30). On the other hand, residents of Dongyin are most dissatisfied with the policy of tourism development by the local government (M=2.23)
6. There are also differences among local government’s “levels of policy participation” by residents of different residencies. Residents of Lanyu have the highest level of policy participation in the local government (M = 3.91), followed by residents of Beigan (M = 3.59). Residents of Chukuang have the lowest level of policy participation
(M = 3.13).
7. The overall mean value evaluated by residents of offshore islands is 2.9 for the level of tourism development at the local, indicating that tourism development in offshore islands is still under the developmental stage. Other than residents of Lanyu and Dongyin, attitudes of tourism development by residents of other offshore islands have positive influences on their cognition toward economical impact..
According to the analyzed results, residents of offshore islands generally approve that tourism development at the local is a strategy for economical development. It is recommended that sustainable concept shall be implemented into tourism when governments are pushing tourism developments. In addition, it should be taken into account of the differentiation among regions for reducing effects that are negative while enhancing positive benefits. Thus, sustainable development may be realized in the tourism of offshore islands
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