| Summary: | 碩士 === 開南大學 === 公共事務管理學系 === 98 === The disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1992, giving rise to the independence of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, had an significant change in Central Asia circumstance. From then on, these five countries became nation-states with full sovereignty.
With the rapid growth of economy, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been playing an important role in the global community since the policy of reform and opening up was started in 1978. And since then China has changed its view of the world: Under the concept of “Five Principles”, China transfers her policy from “tao guang yang hui” (韜光養晦) to “peaceful rise and peaceful development” （和平崛起與和平發展）. This thesis applies an approach of geopolitics, in which geography is the foundation of national security strategy, to discuss how China to develop its Central Asian strategy. The proverb said by Napoleon Bonaparte, “when you understand the geography of one nation, you can understand its foreign policy” is absolutely correct.
A detailed research to Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is discussed in this thesis. Being founded on China’s regional security strategy, SCO both prevents from the independence of Xinjiang and provides the regional security in Central Asia. In the meantime, through developing economic relationship with Central Asia, the affluent supply of petroleum resource of that area will accelerate the steps of China’s “Western Development” policy. Above all, these will indeed keep the balance of power with the United States in Eurasia. To the author, the role of SCO is extremely important to PRC to which SCO can procure its goal on regional security strategy in Central Asia.
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