| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 藥學研究所碩士在職專班 === 98 === Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Complicated with Acute Renal Failure
Chin-Lin Liu, Thau-Ming Cham
Abstract
The Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially lethal complication of neuroleptic medications. It is a neurologic or psychiatric emergency that may be caused by all antipsychotic drugs. The syndrome is characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic dysfunction, alternated mental status and elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level. The variable sets of diagnostic criteria for NMS by several authors, the available diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-four edition (DSM-IV) has common used study criteria for NMS. The incidence of NMS varied from 0.01% to 0.02% per year. The mortality is 11%-38%. Death can occur as a result of complication as acute respiratory failure or acute renal failure. We reported an 63-year-old man with a 10-year history of schizophrenic disorder who presented with NMS. He was sent to emergency room under the condition of fever with coma state. He developed acute renal failure in the intensive care unit, he received transient intermittent hemodialysis and survived to respiratory care unit. We reviewed literatures about NMS to understand its history; diagnostic criterias; pathogenesis; risk factors; and treatment. The prescription of neuroleptics may be prescribed by physicians in psychiatric, neurologic, medical and surgical section, all physicians need to recognize and appropriately manage of NMS, then the mortality and morbidity of NMS can be reduced in the future.
Key words: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Acute Renal Failure
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