The influence of knowledge , attitude , reason and motivation of blood donation towards behavior of blood donation –using senior high school students in Kaohsiung and Pingtong areas as an example

• Main Authors: Ming-Chin Wang, 王明嶔
• Other Authors: Yong-Yuan Chang
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2010
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97153400331301350697

碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 醫務管理學研究所碩士在職專班 === 98 === Background Since the establishment of the Kaohsiung blood center, it supplies the blood demands of about 300 medical institutes in its jurisdiction area and owns 311,133 blood donators with the blood donation rate of 8.3%. For example, in 2007, the amount of donators from age 17 to 20 is 49,992, 16.1% of the entire donators, and about 26% of them are students. In order to fulfill the blood demand, ensure the quality of blood, and prevent the blood shortage, it is indeed to understand the motives, reasons, and viewpoints of junior donators, from age 17 to 20. After this, the full information can be provided to the blood center as the basis of improving the operation and procedure of plan advocating to present better services. Whether the high school student would like to donate blood is based on the personal will, which will directly influence the behaviors of donating blood. Besides, the demographic characteristics such as the age, the gender, the schools, public schools or private schools, the economic background of parents and the family background, are also related to the motive of donating blood. Objectives 1. To compare the difference of personal basic attributes of high school students on the motives of donating blood. 2. To probe into the influences of the knowledge, the attitude and the reasons on the motives of donating blood of high school students. 3. To probe into the connection between the motives and the behaviors of blood donation of high school students. 4. To probe into whether or not the personal basic attributes, knowledge, the attitudes, the reasons of high school students can affect the behaviors of blood donation through the motives of blood donation. Methods This research is processed by the method of transecting studies, and the questionnaire survey is also introduced to collect the data of the behaviors of blood donation from both public and private high schools in Kaohsiung and Pingtung. 2,587 students are divided into two groups, the donation group and the non-donation one. The members of the former group are students who have experienced the blood donation and the students of later one haven’t. Six aspects are assessed in the content of the questionnaire which includes the self-expectation of blood donation, the factors which affect the will of blood donation, the reasons and viewpoints of blood donation, the expected consequences of blood donation, and the knowledge and attitudes of blood donation. The questionnaire is analyzed by SPSS ver. 15.0 after reliability and validity analysis by experts. Results In terms of the expected motives of high school students, the relative important predictors are as following: The attitude of blood donation (Bata=0.47), the times of blood donation (Bata=0.08). The explanatory power after the mode is adjusted is 23.5% and the influences of the attitude of blood donation are bigger than the times of blood donation. Regarding to the enhanced motive of high school students, the relative important predictors are as following: The attitude of blood donation (Bata=0.43), the times of blood donation (Bata=0.18), and the religion (Bata=0.07). The explanatory power after the mode is adjusted is 25.8% and the influences of the attitudes of blood donation are bigger than the reasons of it. Besides, the influence of religion is the smallest. As for the prediction of blood donation behavior of high school students, the systems distribution of schools of the subjects is as followed: The comprehension high schools are 2.69 times more than ordinary high schools (95% CI, 1.5-4.0), the vocational high schools are 1.57 times more than ordinary high schools (95% CI, 1.3-2.0). In terms of the gender, girls are 0.41 times more than boys (95% CI, 0.3-0.5). Regarding to the grade, 1st graders are 0.39 times more than the 3rd graders (95% CI, 0.1-1.1), 2nd graders are 0.31 times more than 3rd graders (95% CI, 0.2-0.4). For the family average income, families which earn 80,000 to 100,000 are 2.3 times more than families which earn less than 20,000 (95% CI, 1.3-4.2), families which earn over 100,000 are 2.3 times than families which earn less than 20,000 (95% CI, 1.1-4.6). For the reasons of blood donation, while the reasons of blood donation increase one point, the behaviors of blood donation increase 0.07 times (95% CI, 0.9-0.9). For the knowledge of blood donation, while the knowledge of blood donation increases one point, the behaviors of blood donation increase 0.41 times (95% CI, 1.0-1.1). For the attitudes of blood donation, while the attitudes of blood donation increase one point, the behaviors of blood donation increase 0.02 times (95% CI, 1.0-1.0). For the reasons * motives of blood donation, while the reasons * motives of blood donation increase one point, the behaviors of blood donation increase 0.001 times (95% CI, 1.0-1.0). For the religion (Christian + Catholic) * motives of blood donation, while the religion (Christian + Catholic) * motives of blood donation increase one point, the behaviors of blood donation increase 0.004 times (95% CI, 1.0-1.0), which is the significant predictor of the prediction of blood donation behaviors (p<0.05). Thus, the result, indicating in these predictors, shows that if the attitudes of blood donation are higher, the motives become higher. Conclusion and suggestion In the factor that influences the motive of expectation, the times of blood donation in the personal attributes may affect the expected motive. However, the more the experiences the students have, the higher the expected motive occurs and the better attitudes they present. In the influence of enhancing motives, except the religion situation, other attributes don’t affect the motive while the selfish attitudes, the reasons which affect the blood donation and the altruistic attitudes are the important predictors of enhancing motives. Besides, if the enhancing motives are high, their selfish attitude, the effective reasons, and the altruistic attitudes will also become better. In the influence of the motive of blood donation on the behavior, partial of the personal attributes and the interaction will also affect the behavior of blood donation, especially in the part of the knowledge of blood donation. While their knowledge increases, the percentage of donation behavior will raise by 41.3%. Thus, the administrator should make the vision and direction concreter; provide proper education, marketing and encouragement to not only students but also their parents; enhance the communication with high school students to improve the performance of the blood center and balance the blood demand and supply of patients.