| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 醫學系神經學科碩士班 === 98 === The concept of biopsychosocial model has been widely accepted in recent years to explain the complexity of etiologies of psychiatric disorders. This model suggests that multiple factors combine to cause or influence mental illnesses, such as the interaction between genes and environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the modulating effects of variation of DRD4 gene polymorphisms on personality characteristics in male conscripts with adjustment disorder.
This study is case-control designed. We recruited 231 military conscripts who were diagnosed adjustment disorder according to the criteria of the DSM-IV-TR. Another 168 military conscripts without adjustment disorder volunteered as control group. All participants received clinical interview for the diagnosis and the demographic data. Blood samples were taken for laboratory analysis. The PBI (Chinese Version), EPQ (Chinese Version), and CHQ were performed.
No statistically significant differences were noticed between the two groups in mean age, educational level, and family background. There was a statistically significant difference in father care (p＜0.0005), father protection (p=0.002＜0.05), mother care (p=0.044＜0.05), and mother protection (p=0.002＜0.05) between the two groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the extraversion personality trait (p＜0.0005) and the neuroticism personality trait (p＜0.0005) between the two groups. There was a statistically significant difference in mean CHQ score between the two groups (p＜0.0005). Receiver operating characteristic found that using EPQ for screening of adjustment disorder, the optimal cutoff point was 5/4 with sensitivity of 61.04% and positive predictive value of 79.66%; using CHQ, the optimal cutoff point was 6/7 with sensitivity of 64.50% and positive predictive value of 74.50%. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of the allele frequencies (p=0.44＞0.05), long form and short form allele (p=0.15＞0.05), and genotypes 4R/4R and non-4R/4R (p=0.65＞0.05) between the two groups. In SEM, the parental bonding of father care had a positive effect on extraversion characteristic (β=0.27, p＜0.0005) and a negative effect on neuroticism (β=-0.20, p＜0.0005). Mother care had a negative effect on neuroticism characteristic (β=-0.12, p=0.006). Father protection had a negative effect on extraversion characteristic (β=-0.23, p＜0.0005) and a positive effect on neuroticism (β=0.16, p＜0.0005). Long form allele of DRD4 VNTR polymorphism had a positive effect on extraversion characteristic (β=0.12, p=0.013) and a negative effect on neuroticism (β=-0.11, p=0.007). Genotype 4R/4R had a positive effect on extraversion characteristic (β=0.11, p=0.019).
Nature (DRD4 gene polymorphism) and nurture (parental child-rearing attitudes) jointly modulated personality traits and affected mental health and morbidity of mental illnesses. Further study including various ages and both genders, even taking into account the interaction between different personality-related genes, will be indicated.
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