| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班 === 98 === Background
Body image is an important factor in teenagers’ adjustment to adolescence. How body image and personal views of health may affect general health behavior and the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of oral hygiene are worthy of research.
Objectives
The purpose of our study was to examine the correlation between body image and oral health among junior high school students. In this study, we also tried to find the important factors affecting oral hygiene behavior in junior high school students.
Methods
The samples are seventh to ninth grade students who study in one junior high school in Kaohsiung City. All the questionnaires were collected in September, 2009. There were 1,918 qualified subjects and 1,894 completed questionnaires collected (the response rate was 96%). The information about basic demographic data, body image (by the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, MBSRQ), general health behavior and oral hygiene behavior were collected. We processed and analyzed the data by SPSS 14.0 statistical software. The statistical methods used in the study were descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Student-t test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and logistic regression analysis.
Results
Gender and grade are significant factors on body parts, and also have an effect on personal tooth-brushing habits, motive, body image, and general health behavior. Family socioeconomic status and academic performance in school have a significant effect on personal tooth brushing habits, body image and general health behaviors. Boys have stronger motivation than girls to avoid dentures. On the other hand, girls have stronger motivation than boys to make their teeth look nice and cleaner. The knowledge of oral health is affected by body image. The attitude of oral health is affected by general health behavior. The scores of oral health knowledge are related as follows: grade, teaching
by their mothers, academic performance, appearance orientation, and
satisfaction of their own bodies. The scores of oral health attitude are related to gender, academic performance, general health behavior, and the knowledge of oral health.
The results of Multiple Regression Analysis show that: the oral health knowledge in girl students is higher than in boys. The students’ grade, mothers’ educational level, and family income are significant factors of oral health knowledge. The scores of health evaluation, health orientation, and oral hygiene knowledge are significant factors of oral health attitude. The important factors which affect tooth-brushing habits are grade, family income, appearance orientation, health orientation, and satisfaction of teeth.
A lower proportion of ninth -year students have better tooth-brushing
habits than seventh- year students (OR=0.75(1.18-2.02)) and the eighth- year are 0.61 times more than the seventh- year students (OR=0.61(0.44 -0.84)). The students with family income above NT$ 50,000 are more likely to have better tooth-brushing habits than those with a family income less than NT$ 49,999 (OR=1.46(1.10-1.78)). The participants with higher scores in appearance orientation tended to have better tooth-brushing habits than the ones with lower scores (>34VS<=34, OR=1.36(1.04-1.77)). The participants with better health orientation are more likely to have good tooth-brushing habits, and the OR is 1.55(1.18-2.02). The participants with higher dental satisfaction, the score over 3 is 0.71 times the number of the ones beneath 2 (95% CI = .54-.94).
Conclusion
Male students are more satisfied and have more self-confidence in self image. Female students pay more attention to their appearance and worry about their weight. Females feel more satisfied with their health and have stronger motivation to have a healthy life. Males are more rational, and females have stronger motivation of brushing due to appearance. Females have better knowledge in oral hygiene and are more positive to keep their oral health. When the grade is higher, the tooth-brushing times arefewer, so the grade could be regarded as a predictor for brushing habits. Students whose family income is higher pay more attention to their tooth-brushing habits. The more attention they pay, the better habits they will have. Students do not increase the brushing times due to satisfaction of teeth. Body image and general health behavior are sure to affect students’ knowledge, attitude, and behavior of oral hygiene. Therefore, if we want students to form good habits of oral hygiene, we can start from the different characteristics of gender, grade, body image, and general health behavior.
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