| Summary: | 碩士 === 朝陽科技大學 === 環境工程與管理系碩士班 === 98 === This paper aims to investigate the mutation and acute toxicity of raw water and purified water of four water purification station including Ben-Sin, Fong-Yuan, Fong-Shan and Fu-Sing. Chemical analysis of water contained basic parameters, dissolved organic carbon, disinfection by-products of purified water such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) and environmental hormones such as Bisphenol A (BPA) and Nonylphenol (NP). On the other hand, biological examination such as Ames test, Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and Microtox test were conducted to test the potential mutation effects due to the exposure of chemical contaminants potentially exisisting in water. Correlations of chemical contaminants analysis and the biological tests were examined to provide the baseline information for the operation and management of water supply plant. Results of this study were described as follows:
1. DOC was measured to be 0.201~1.875mg/L in the rain scarce season while it was analyzed to be 0.296~0.647 mg/L in the rain rich season respectively.
2. CHCl3, CHCl2Br, CHClBr2 and CHBr3 were <0.80~6.38, <0.80~2.75, <0.80~1.38 and <0.80 μg/L in the rain scarce season while they were <0.40~9.60, <0.40~4.95, <0.40~4.96 and <0.40~2.05 μg/L in the rain rich season respectively. Those measured values all meet the Taiwan regulatory standard of 80μg/L.
3. DCAA and TCAA were ND~4.71 μg/L and ND~27.02 μg/L respectively in the rain scarce season while those were ND~6.50 μg/L and ND~5.22 μg/L in the rain rich season respectively. Other compounds of HAAs were not measured (below MDL) in the study. Measured values meet the US EPA HAAs regulatory standard of 60μg/L although the HAAs standard were not promulgated at present in Taiwan.
4. NP were not found in rain scarce and rain rich season. BPA had lower values less than <0.005 mg/L in rain scarce and rain rich season.
5. NP and BPA did not induce the mutation of TA98 and TA100; CHCl3COOH, CH2BrCOOH and CHCl2COOH compounds could induce the TA98 mutation while it did not induce TA100 mutation. CHCl3 and CHClBr2 did not induce mutation for both TA98 and TA100.
6. NP and BPA less than 500 mg/L did not cause the mutation of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO).
7. Raw and purified water did not induce TA98 and TA100 mutation in dry and rain rich season in 2009.
8. Raw and purified water did not induce CHO chromosome mutation in the dry and rain rich season in 2009.
9. Microtox test results showed that the toxicity of BPA and Bromide compounds was higher than those of THMs and NP ones.
10. Microtox test of raw and purified water showed that water quality was in the safe range in the rain scarce and rain rich season in 2009.
11. Microtox test was found to be simple and convenient among the three analysis methods. Ames test was the second and SCE was thought to be more complicated and time consuming. It is recommended that the use of Microtox test combined with Ames test could obtain the quick and precise results.
|
|---|
