| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 國際事務與戰略研究所碩士在職專班 === 97 === Global security issues and security-maintaining methods are different in each era from Cold War, Post-Cold War to the present era of Globalization. How to pursue and ensure security is an issue that every nation must cope with. In different time and space or in face of different subjects, a nation may adopt different measures. In addition to international situations, Taiwan’s national security is mostly menaced by the Chinese Communist Regime. Therefore, there should be a consensus over comprehensive security between the government and its people.
A nation’s pursuit of its interests through economic or military means may definitely involve or influence other nations. The entailed international cooperation and constant changes of the conflict patterns will propel decision makers to adjust and modify their foreign policies. Hence, all state-to-state alliances and interactions are intended with considerations of ensuring national security and maintaining national interests to promote regional security. During the Cold War, the US used Taiwan Relations Act ensure the Cross-Strait security while developing its relationship with PRC for its military strategic interests. During the Post-Cold War, the US maintained stability and balance of power in the Cross-Strait region and ensured Taiwan would not be reunified by PRC in pursuit of economic interests. In its Asia-Pacific strategies, it secured its strategic position in the Cross-Strait and viewed the Strait as the oriental Strait of Gibraltar to prevent PRC from using its military forces to invade other nations. Therefore, Taiwan’s geographical relationship made it a geostrategic position that the US and PRC endeavored to compete for. Both of them observed Asia-Pacific stability around Taiwan.
In the Asia-Pacific region, issues surrounding the US containment of PRC’s strategic deployment, motivation for “peace development”, cooperation between and competition on military forces, Cross-Strait conflicts, and US-Japan Defense Guidelines have propelled all nations to adjust their military strategic thinking and expand military forces. To elevate our strategic position and value and break through the current constraints, our nation must get hold of all geopolitical factors and make use of our geographical advantages to evade the constraints. Ultimately, we can really achieve the goal of maintaining national security and development.
In terms of geographical relationship, Taiwan is located at an area where land and sea powers overlap and at the intersection of Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia. It is especially a center of sea and air transport in the west Pacific region. It is able to not only command the sea traffic in Southeast Asia but also control that of Japan and Korea. In military, Taiwan can effectively pin down PRC’s threat to our nation and other nations in Southeast Asia. In economics, the advantages of Taiwan Strait and Taiwan’s economic prosperity will compel neighboring nations to pay attention to our geographical relationship and strategic value when setting up foreign economic policies.
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