| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 資源工程研究所 === 97 === Generally speaking, excavating earth and rock is similar to an initial engineering of developing a land. Selling it at a profit directly brings with it its economic benefit. Relatively speaking, environmental impact happens inevitably. If having thought environmental damage cost through, we must know how to measure degrees of impact and how to estimate the cost of damage. The study uses models of environmental economics to estimate dispersion concentrations which are regarded as degrees of environmental impact at an excavation site. Once an applicant couldn''t but choose an excavation option, emissions of the pollutants of particulate matters exceed measured background beyond doubt. Surrogate market valuation method and contingent valuation method are not suitable for estimating the cost of damage. The pollutants of particulate matters increments per unit of time or volume are reduced to the measured background because of air pollution controls. In theory, it is practical that the direct abatement cost for air pollution controls is equivalent to the cost of environmental damage. The U.S. EPA’s Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors, namely AP-42, has been cited. Annual pollutants increments resulting from loading, exposed surface, wind eroding, unpaved road, and vehicles have been estimated among one development case and six application cases. Furthermore, according to domestic literature, the removal of particulate matters, the medians of treatment cost is NT$60/kg. The abatement cost annually accounts for about 1.92% of production value among six cases on average.
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