| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣科技大學 === 設計研究所 === 97 === The first power source we humans used is the power of ourselves, such as drilling woods to get fire, striking rocks into pieces, drawing water with hands, etc. After knowing the habitual behavior of animals, animal power became the substitute for power source, furthermore, the nature energy as waterpower and wind power. Until 19 century, machinery changed the human working progress to a higher level. Meanwhile, the development of design also influenced by the machinery to a place that art links up with scientific technology perfectly, so does Kinetic Art.
The complete basic design education gives a great contribution to design education. A whole set of basic design education can improve student’s abilities in construction from 2 dimensional, 3 dimensional, to 4 dimensional space. The basic design education in Taiwan emphasizes on static structure, lacking the dynamic expression. The purposes in this study are: 1. Discussing the basic theories of 4 dimensional Kinetic Art, and expound the importance in design education. 2. Researching the history of Kinetic art to establish the position in design science. 3. Analyzing the dynamic optical illusion of spiral pattern column in Kinetic art, understanding the forming factors and discussing other correlate optical illusion effects with psychophysics methods.
This study is an investigation under the basic design and art. The first stage in this study is to give a concept in basic art education and Kinetic art by archiving the literatures and theories. The gists are: 1. the idea of Kinetic art. 2. the relationship between Kinetic art and basic art education. 3. the role that Kinetic art plays in design education. Separate the history of Kinetic art into four time periods as: 1. Time before 20th century. 2. Early 20th century. 3. Medium term of 20th century. 4. Later 20th century. Discuss the history of Kinetic art to ascertain the science position in design and form art, examining the optical illusion of sprial pattern column and visual expression, to be the fundamental basis of the further experiments.
The second stage is using the adjustment method of psychophysics to analyze the dynamics optical illusion effect of spiral pattern on column. Unlike the former tests base on graphic objects, this study takes three-dimensional, dynamic object as the testing method. Comparing the final results of optical illusion experiments under different factors as the slanted angles of lines, the thickness of lines, distanced from viewers to testing object, and the range from line to line. The result in this study is the bigger the speed threshold is, the longer dynamic optical illusion is, contrariwise. The conclusion of this study brings out some points under the theories of Kinetic art. In the scientific part of Kinetic art, there are: 1. Kinetic art became the essential program of basic art education in Bauhaus preliminary courses, and has a tight connection with modern art. 2. Kinetic art will go along with high-tech expression and interaction in the future. 3. Kinetic art which has the scientific position in the history of art and design can be sorted. 4. Kinetic art is an important manifestation in design expression. In the experiment part of spiral pattern column dynamic optical illusion, observes the reactions of design specialists and non-design specialists, there are three results being brought out: 1. Under the conditions of observing distance at 4m, 10mm spiral pattern line, and 15° oblique angle, there is a biggest discrepancy in speed threshold. 2. The speed thresholds which pronounced by different distances and gap between lines to line are divergent to who design specialists and non-design specialists. 3. Bigger the gap between line to line of spiral pattern column is, greater the speed threshold is which has obvious dynamic optical illusion. 4. The speed threshold rise when the pattern is continuous, un-continuous goes contrariwise.
The experiments in this study discuss the relationship between Cognitive Psychology and human sight from the fundamental theories and history. This study is looking forward to be the contribution for future design education.
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