| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 歷史學研究所 === 97 === This thesis focuses on home economics to analyze “the ideal and the definition of family everyday life”, because home economics is related to manage home work and keep family in order.
Tranditional Chinese home economics, is a kind of knowledge or skill to explore management, and both sexes can particiate in it. This thesis focuses on “home economics” as the key subject and focuses on “home everyday work” and “family order” as the main shaft. Home economics involves gender role expectation, and defines field of gender and gender life space of household . Tradition Chinese society, men is the house master and manager, women is the housework operator. The gender difference is endowed with both the high value and low value by home economics. There is a power relationship in gender role. This power relationship is not absolute but movement in life experiences.
We can observe the tactics of women flighting power, knowerledge and authority from everyday point approach in these practice examples. Women express their ability and invention of operating housework to redefine “women’s intellect” (fu cai) -intellect is defined as writing by Intellecture. This operating well housework is a talent.
On the other hand, home economics is as both everyday life and sexual division of labor, to involve rich political society, cultural value and ritual custom. We can understand the ideal family life image what intellecture expected and imagine to explore the knowledge changing and practice about home economics.
From the middle Ming dynasty to the High Qing era, we have a greater understanding of characteristic home economics of the Ming and Qing dynasty through the tension between “bu wen jia” and “zhi sheng”. Men “bu wen jia” practice express the lower value of home economics operating by intellectur. The social economics changing, gender expecting and the social status bring together up tension between study and housework. The new developing intellecture view of “zhi sheng” is certain to homework management as one of talent style.
On this new developing view, we can understand the intellecture thinking over the relation between home economics and moral and cultural status and gender order through these home economics books, to explore the goal of homework management . The goal of homework management expresses certainly the relation between family structure and the ideal family of intellecture hoping image in social culture and economic changing. To emphasize intellecture “zhi sheng” duty not chang men pursuit of the official rank or the career as the first value.the real meaming this social practice involves both masculity and a bility of public work management.
A debet on women management family as a warning, women is the real practice toward goal of male family management view. Both “bu wen jia” and women “zhi sheng” empower house as a special field belong to women and train women’s ability of homework management. Women’s ability of homework management is a precious property for family. They can bring up the power of family being, moreover to change the family status.
The can be no question of the confident moral authority that house women brought to their work in late imperial China. Their knowledge and skill of homework management are not quite as good as drill of Morden home economics. The invention of housewife can give us a good model in practice perspective.
With respect to the history of the Chinese family, placing gender at the center of analysis forms a bond between the history of the Chinese family and the history of the Chinese women, and invites a new appreciation of family structure and social living strategy and gender relations in the family in late imperial China. In contrast to family hil in ritual and the exercise or enjoyment of the family property in legislation and custom as a “static” system.
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