| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺東大學 === 區域政策與發展研究所 === 97 === A study of Organizational Functions of County Level Governments from the perspective of Local System: A Comparison study between Taiwan and Mainland China.
Author Chi Ru Li
Abstract
The topic of this research is “A study of Organizational Functions of County Level Governments from the perspective of Local System: A Comparison study between Taiwan and Mainland China”. In the end of 20th century between cross-Straits relations, various kinds of problems such as low administrative efficiency, the extremely crowded organizations, and expansion of the financial deficit that western nations in relations between central governments and county level governments also encountered were continually emerged. Since 1980s among the nations around the world, organizational reform of governments which was occurred eagerly resulted from the role of the government that was influenced internationally and must be transformed to deal with all kinds of severe challenges. Afterwards, it pushed forward the adjustment of reorganization of the relations between central and local governments. For example, France approved the Decentralization Law in 1982. Besides, the United States set the New Federalism into action in Reagan times. In 1985, European Union countries signed the European Local Self Government Charter. Japan also adopted the Decentralization Advance Law in 1995. From the above cases to see, it revealed that the governmental power gradually transformed from the centralization to the reform that the central government released part of the power to county level governments for arranging the local administration.
Taiwan and mainland China are inevitable in the international trend and have to strengthen the functions of local governments to provide the local governments with a system of equal power and functions to face the global challenges and improve the overall competitiveness in the country. A national government is built up based on the vertical and horizontal framework from central governments to local governments and local governments to local governments. A country filled with global competitiveness relies on the efficient cooperation. As a result, the only efficient way is to reform and develop the organizational framework and the functions of local governments so that the ability to deal with changes of international situations can be promoted. It won’t result in the words revealed from the recent competitiveness report of Standard & Poor's Rating Service. The report said that Taiwan tried hard to keep AA rating of sovereignty for nine years. Due to the threat of recent economic recession, the prospect of the rating of Taiwan turned into being negative. According to the latest simulated deduction from Standard & Poor's Rating Service, once the period of recession is prolonged, the worst situation will be that Taiwan’s rating would be demoted five ratings to become BB in rating that was unprecedented. Taiwan will be submerged as the backward countries in rank in Asia and be outstripped by mainland China which caught up form behind. Besides, the new item in the report regarding the result of pressure measurement pointed out that Taiwan was 21st in rank and fell far behind Hong Kong in 5th and 18th in mainland China. The main reasons are insufficient governmental efficiency and low executive ability. These circumstances reflect the urgency of the reform of governmental functions. Therefore, researching on the local administrative functions form points of views of local systems is truly required.
|
|---|
