| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 河海工程學系 === 97 === Taiwan is located at the west center of Pacific Ocean. For every year, there have many Typhoons hit this area at summer season. In this extreme climate, it could bring strong winds, heavy rain, and surge waves threatened, to enable the construction of the coastal structures have a direct impact. And low atmospheric pressure over the water level will induce the elevation of typhoon surge, floods, salt water intrusion, coastal erosion and other damage to coastal areas. In this study, the typhoon disaster of coastal areas was carried out to explore the properties of coastal disaster and induced mechanism, such as seawall hazards, floods, salt water intrusion, coastal erosion, and coastal accumulation.
Application of Geographic Information System software ArcView9.2, to build and integrated coastal typhoon disaster information system database. The system of data bank is included natural environment data bank, basic land data bank, basic geographical data bank, prevention disaster data bank, and basic database layers etc. The formats of most data are shape file, and Excel file of the coordinates of points with a text file table (as disaster distribution, and coordinates of the typhoon), and according to the properties and types of information stored in each data bank.
In order to establish and apply the marine typhoon disaster information system data bank, the relationship between the typhoon characteristics and the distribution of disaster were discussed. This research is from the viewpoint of the ocean geotechnical engineering, by use of Geographic Information System spatial analysis functions to analyze of Taiwan's coastal areas of the coastal topography, coastal types, geological structure, near-shore water depth, land development case, the distribution of marine structures and coastal disaster information. From the results of analysis indicate that the impact of Typhoon Storm, disaster distribution and the location and scope of the cluster and the disaster-prone areas of each disaster types are obtained. It can provide a reference of follow-up studies on the potential disaster region.
According to the results of spatial analysis, the typhoon influences this area has about 3-5 times every year, but the number of attacks over the past decade as much as 6-8 times, and a high number of attacks in August. The third path of Typhoon is highest about 15 percent show that the typhoon hit the eastern region will induce the direct disaster. Based on the results of spatial analysis, the path of typhoon and typhoon intensity are directly related to the disaster distribution. When Typhoons pass through any areas, these areas will be vulnerable to disasters, and typhoon greater the larger the affected area. The distribution of disaster almost occurred along the path on both sides, and stay longer the impact could be increased.
Comprehensive the result of spatial analysis, the disaster distribution of each disaster on the sections of coastal areas were obtained. On the other hand, concerning about the type of disaster damage and mechanism in the coastal section, through the establishment of marine disaster information system can provide a preliminary framework for disaster prevention information. It would be useful of the GIS disaster prevention system in the future.
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