| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 資訊教育學系在職進修碩士班 === 97 === This study aims to investigate if collaborative learning using guiding worksheets would facilitate sixth graders’ learning to program in KPL. A quasi-experiment was used in this study, in which two intact classes of 33 students each were randomly assigned to be the experimental (i.e., guided-collaboration) group and the control (i.e., non-guided-collaboration) group. Each team of the experimental group was provided with a worksheet for each programming task. The worksheet contained a sequence of task-specific guiding questions organized into five sections—analysis, design, coding, debugging and reflection. The purpose of the guiding questions was to prompt team members to conduct meaningful discussion during the problem-solving processes, hence helping them to solve problems successfully. The experiment lasted 17 weeks, during which a midterm and a final exam were given, each consisting of a written part and a hands-on programming part. Video recorders and screen capture software were used to collect data about how much time the teams spent on each problem-solving step and how team members collaborated with one another during the problem-solving processes. Findings from this study showed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in the written part of the midterm exam and in both the written and the hands-on programming parts of the final exam. As far as the amount of time spent on each problem-solving step, the experimental group spent significantly more time on analysis, design and coding, hence much less time was needed for debugging. The experimental group also spent statistically significant more time than the control group on reflection. An analysis of team dynamics revealed that the experimental group were better able to conduct meaningful discussions focusing on problem-solving-related topics. Those students of the experimental group who were interviewed after the experiment mostly agreed that the guiding questions provided in the worksheet were effective in guiding them toward successful solutions.
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