| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 生命科學研究所 === 97 === Euthalia thibetana complex is a group of closely relative butterflies. Because the instraspecies wing pattern presents more variable than interspecies, it is often confused with its species determination. In this study, the purpose is to find out the reliable characters for identifying the species of this complex through comparing molecular (mithchondrial COI and COII genes and nuclear Eflα gene) and morphological datasets (wing pattern and genitalia). Total 158 nymphalids major form mainland China and Taiwan were sampled. Six monophyletic groups were recognized through inferring molecular phylogenies, and those groups were also supported by the structure of male genitalia. Therefore, the species, listed in the complex, are included E. formosana, E. insulae, E. thibetana, E. alpherakyi, E. aristides, and E. undosa. However, three newly described species, included E. kameii, E. yasuyakii, and E. masumi, are all synonyms of the regarding species. The main reason why the butterflies in this complex are so hard to recognize is because the wing pattern of E. undosa is too variable to distingulish with other five species.
|
|---|
