| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄師範大學 === 輔導與諮商研究所 === 97 === Abstract
The purpose of this study aimed at understanding the dynamics among a psychologist’s explanatory style, role stress and occupational burnout. The research findings of this study can aid practitioners in their daily practice. The goals of this study include:
I. Explore the relationship between the explanatory style and occupational burnout of psychologists in Taiwan.
II. Gain a better understanding of a Taiwanese psychologist’s role stress and its relation to occupational burnout.
III. Probe the problem of occupational burnout among Taiwanese psychologists in relation to their current work environment, despite of insufficient studies of the similar topics in other countries.
IV. Analyze the relevant factors of occupational burnout in a hope to prepare psychologists for daily challenges in their professional life and fully equip them prior to their professional practice.
V. Understand the differences and relevant factors of personal background variable, explanatory style, role stress and occupational burnout between a clinical psychologist and a counseling psychologist.
This study employed the survey with the four sections of questionnaires that included the "basic personal information", "Explanatory Style Scale (adult version)", "Role Stress Scale" and "Occupational Burnout Scale." The study targeted clinical psychologists and counseling psychologists in Taiwan as the population of the study. The prior consent and liaison was obtained from the participating psychologists before the survey. A total of 447 questionnaires were distributed to the participating psychologists for the sample survey. Among the distributed questionnaires, 248 were recovered, of which 231 were deemed valid and 17 were invalid. The survey data were subjected to statistical tests, including t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, two-way ANOVA and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The findings of the study are as follows:
I. The inclination toward negative explanatory internality and negative explanatory generalization was influenced by psychologists’ ages and academic qualifications
II. The levels of role conflict and role stress were influenced by psychologists’ academic qualifications and their work agencies.
III. The levels of role overload were influenced by gender and work characteristics
IV. The levels of role ambiguity were influenced by different professional qualifications (license) and work agencies.
V. A counseling psychologist had a higher degree of role ambiguity than a clinical psychologist. A psychologist with a Bachelor degree frequently encountered role conflict. A male, full-time psychologist had a higher level of role overload. Psychologists in the middle schools, prisons and correction facilities often experienced role conflict.
VI. Psychologists with different titles experienced different degrees of depersonalization and low personal accomplishment.
VII. Among the full-time psychologists, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were more frequently observed, despite no difference in the category of low personal accomplishment
VIII. A psychologist with an explanatory style toward negative explanatory internality often encountered role conflict, role overload and role stress, and frequently experienced occupational burnout
IX. The higher level of role conflict, role overload and role stress a psychologist encountered, the severer occupational burnout a psychologist would have in addition to other complications.
X. Among all relevant factors, such as personal background variable, role stress and explanatory style, role overload best predicted the level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, low personal accomplishment and occupational burnout.
The findings of this study can provide the pertinent government agencies and academic associations with references and recommendations for reassembly of psychologist work force composition, policy planning and research in the future.
Key word：Psychologist, Explanatory Style, Role Stress, Burnout .
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