| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄海洋科技大學 === 海洋環境工程研究所 === 97 === The purpose of this study is mainly to conduct physico-chemical property analyses of surface and core sediments from the stream inlet of four rivers in the Kaoshiung Harbor area (Love River, Canon River, Jen-Gen River, and Salt River) through on-site monitoring. The monitoring points are allocated as follows: 9~11 surface sediments sampling stations are set up at the inlet area of the four rivers respectively and 1 core sampling station is set up at each outlet of the four rivers and the First Harbor. The sampling time is March, 2009. The analysis items include heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg), water content, fixity solids, volatile solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total grease, and total organic carbon and particle size analysis; assess the extent and scope of the impact to the harbor sediment from the sediment quality and the river by analyzing the results.
The research results show: the heavy metals concentration distributions in the surface sediment at the inlet area of the four rivers respectively are: between 0.15 mg/kg (Hg) to 962 mg/kg (Zn) for Love River；between 0.20 mg/kg (Cd) to 3,365 mg/kg (Zn) for Canon River；between 0.15 mg/kg (Hg) to 627 mg/kg (Zn) for Jen-Gen River；between 0.24 mg/kg (Hg) to 1,820 mg/kg (Zn) for Salt River. It shows from the concentration distribution diffusion diagram of heavy metals etc. in the estuary area of four rivers that Love River and Canon River mainly diffuse outward centered on the monitoring station outside of the estuary while Jen-Gen River and Salt River diffuse toward the harbor area from the monitoring station in the estuary.
The heavy metals concentration distributions in the core sediments are: between 0.10 mg/kg (Hg) to 96.5 mg/kg (Zn) for the First Harbor estuary；between 0.10 mg/kg (Cd) to 920 mg/kg (Zn) for Love River estuary；between 0.08 mg/kg (Cd) to 2,803 mg/kg (Zn) for Canon River estuary；between 0.08 mg/kg (Cd) to 1,303 mg/kg (Zn) for Jen-Gen River estuary；between 0.03 mg/kg (Hg) to 2,990 mg/kg (Zn) for Salt River. It shows from the heavy metals distribution with depth in the core sediments of the estuary of four rivers that except for the estuary of Love River, where the heavy metals concentration in the core sediments tends to increase gradually with the depth, there are no specific trends in the heavy metals concentration variation in the core sediments for the rest of the three rivers.
It shows from the calculation of the Enrichment Factor (EF) of heavy metals in surface and core sediments for each river estuary area that the Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn of Love River are in the moderately severe (EF = 5-10) to severe (EF = 10-25) class; the Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn of Canon River are in the moderately severe (EF = 5-10) to extremely severe (EF = 25-50) class; the Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn of Jen-Gen River are in the moderately severe (EF = 5-10) to severe (EF = 10-25) class; the Cu, Pb, Zn of Salt River are in the severe (EF=10-25) class.
The research results show: the midstream and upstream industrial and urban sewage discharges along these rivers are the major pollution sources. It is found from the surface diffusion results that the affected area for each river covers the whole estuary region, which reaches the moderately severe to extremely severe class. From the vertical core results: all metals concentrations of Love River increase with depth; however, the heavy metal pollution situation is improving perhaps due to a relatively long period of dredging. The other three rivers still continue to accumulate though. Therefore, future investigation plans for remediation and pollution control of the high pollution estuary sediments in the harbor area can be formulated from the results of this study.
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