| Summary: | 碩士 === 國防醫學院 === 公共衛生學研究所 === 97 === Population of students with special needs is increasing in the past decade, to improve their school learning and we should monitor their health status appropriately. The present aimed to explore the health characteristics and their determinants of children and adolescents with special needs, to recognize the health disparities between the study subjects and the general population. This study conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,008 students aged 3-18 years who participated in annual health examinations in three special schools in Taiwan. The contents of annual health examination included general physical characteristics, BMI, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin, other hematology indicators, skeletal status, and oral disease. Data were analyzed by SPSS 14.0. We first used number, percentage and chi-square method to describe the participant characteristics and analyzed their associations with health examination results. Logistic regression procedure was used to examine the risks of having ill-health conditions. Results showed that the study subjects have high prevalence rate of anemia, cholesterol and abnormal limbs in girls. Obesity and uric acid abnormal rates increase with age. The students with a sole intellectual disability have more positive HBsAg cases than people companied with multiple disabilities. Prevalence rates of oral diseases are higher among moderate or severe disability level students. Those students with obese or overweight were more likely to have higher blood pressure, triglyceride, GOT, GPT, uric acid and creatinine concentration than other students. However, their blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, hematocrit, creatinine, positive HBsAg and scoliosis abnormal rates or values were higher than the general population. The study highlights that it is necessary to monitor and set up the follow up system of health status for students with special needs to improve their quality of life.
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