| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 林產科學系研究所 === 97 === The purposes of this research are to investigate the composition of airborne fungi in air and on the surface of collections in storage area of domestic museums, and to figure out the relationship of the conservative environmental factors vs. the main species of airborne fungi. In addition, this study utilizing different degree of deacetylation of chitosan, which were used to investigate the antifungi activities and the effect of chitosan on the paper samples.
The investigative results shown that museum C and G has a high relative humidity are conducive to fungal growth, conditions such as temperature and humidity of other museums are within the scope of the recommended standard. The illumination of museum E, F and G was higher than the scope of the recommended standard. The ultraviolet ray strength of museums E, F and H were between the range of 0 ~ 26 μm/Lumen, and they used the low ultraviolet ray tube that reduces the injury of the ultraviolet ray for collections.
The airborne fungi were isolated and identified from storage area of domestic museums was shown as follow：including Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus niger var. niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus versicolor, Botryotrichum sp., Chaetomium globsum, Chaetomium sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Curvularia lunata, Diplococcium sp., Gilmaniella sp., Paecilomyces sp., Penicillium sp., Penicillium aculeatum, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium glabrum, Pencillium kloeckeri, Penicillium oxalicum, Penicillium pinophilum, Penicillium purpurogenum, Phoma sp., Rhizopus sp., Rhinocladiella sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Stachybotrys sp., Talaromyces wortmannii ,Torula sp., Trichoderma sp., Xylaria sp., Mycelia sterilia, and the main species were belonged to the genera of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Curvularia mostly. Fungi on the surface of fungi contamination of collections were isolated and identified form storage area of domestic museums was shown as follow : Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus niger var. niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Aspergillus sydowii, Chaetomium globsum, Chaetomium sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia lunata, Mucor sp., Paecilomyces sp., Penicillium sp., Penicillium kloeckeri, Penicillium oxalicum, Penicillium glabrum, Rhizopus sp., Talaromyces wortmannii, Trichoderma sp., Mycelia sterilia. We found that the same fungi form the airborne fungi and fungi contamination of collections. It is extrapolated that one of possible situations for a part of the fungi on these collections is from the air.
The results of the fungi growth experiments obtained that the main fungi of the airborne fungi and the collections have the best growth at 25 ~ 37 ℃ and low-acid environment. When on the low temperature (5℃) of environment, that the growth rate of fungi were reduced.
The results of the 105℃ accelerated aging treatments obtained that the △E* values of the two kind of experimental papers increases along with the concentration of chitosan solution. The △E* values of papers soaking with water-soluble chitosan have the most remarkable change. The paper strength has the remarkable increase after paper soaking with acid-soluble chitosan. After 105℃ accelerated aging treatments, the paper strength was better than the blank sample paper. The experiments results shown that, chitosan treated samples owned excellent durability.
The paper soaking with chitosan solution has good antifungi activities for Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata and Penicillium oxalicum except that of Trichoderma sp.. The antifungi activity was increased along with the concentration of chitosan solution.
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