| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 運動健康研究所 === 97 === Purpose: To evaluate the effects of 5 minutes moderate and intense exercises on performance of selective attention and simple reaction time of elementary school students. Subjects: Thirty-seven students of fourth grades (12 girls and 25 boys, age 10.2 ± 0.1 years, height, 139.0 ± 1.0 cm, weight 35.2 ± 1.2 kg, body mass index ( BMI, 25.3 ± 0.8㎏/㎡) were recruited with parent’s approvals from an elementary school in Taichung. Methods: The subjects were counterbalanced-arranged on a week interval, either to take a rest for 5 minutes（the control, mean heart rate 98.4 ± 1.7 beat/min）, walk briskly for 5 minutes（the moderate exercise, average heart rate 144.1 ± 1.5 beat/min）, or stepping on a 35-cm stage up and down for 5 minutes（the intense exercise, mean heart rate 176.8 ± 1.2 beat/min）. Each time when they finished the rest or exercises, they then take a selective attention test（Vienna Test System, COG-S11） or a simple reaction time test（Vienna Test System, RT-S1）. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and the least significant difference （LSD） method was used in post-hoc comparison. Results: On performance of selective attention test, mean time correct rejections was 3.22 ± 0.81 sec in control, 2.72 ± 0.89 sec in moderate exercise, and 2.46 ± 0.72 sec in intense exercise, and the values were significantly faster in the moderate and intense exercises than in the control. Mean time hits was 2.52 ± 0.58 sec in control, 2.12 ± 0.64 sec in moderate exercise, 2.12 ± 0.68 sec in intense exercise , and the values were significantly faster in the moderate or intense exercises than in the control. Working time was 175.05 ± 42.64 sec in control, 147.19 ± 40.72 sec in moderate exercise, 138.79 ± 38.54 sec in intense exercise, and the values were significantly faster in the moderate and intense exercises than in the control. On performance of simple reaction time test, mean reaction time 336.70 ± 63.13 sec in control, 336.19 ± 74.13 sec in moderate exercise, 319.27 ± 60.26 sec in intense exercise, and the values were significantly faster in intense exercises than in the control. Conclusion: performance of selective attention was significantly improved after 5 minutes of moderate and intense exercises. Similarly, simple reaction time decreased after intense exercise. It indicates that 5 minutes of moderate or intense exercises improve children’s performance on attention and reaction time. According to the results, students could be encouraged by teachers to take short term exercise during the class break in order to improve their attention and learning efficiency.
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