The Social Change of Ningguta in the Qing dynasty(From 17th to the middle of the 18th century)

• Main Authors: Wan-Chi Hsieh, 謝皖麒
• Other Authors: Hamashima Atsutoshi
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2009
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10483971379059420711

碩士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 歷史學系 === 97 === Abstract Ningguta is a regional and urban concept that Qing Dynasty positively developed when they started entering China. To research this subject, we must realize the social change of northeast frontier and cities, trying to understand what the northeastern cities’ characteristic of Qing Dynasty is, and indirectly to research the causes result to the changes of northeastern cities in the early days of Qing Dynasty. From the vagrant’s anthology of Qing Dynasty, we realized the original social conditions of Ningguta. In the meantime, the Chinese immigration gradually changed the society that mainly organized by Manchurian before. Little by little, the trades and the cultural exchanges made the city get rid of the military character. However, facing the development of the Ningguta, the government did not hold a positive attitude. Due to the influences of Chinese culture, Manchurian gave up their “Speaking native language and the skill of riding-shooting.”Though the Qing Dynasty took the countermeasures to cope up with the situation, it did not effect as expected. In the end, the author concluded the real causes of Ningguta’s changes to the adoption of government’s policies. Except the introduction and the conclusion, this research divided into three chapters. The chapter1 mainly discusses the demarcation, geography, and cities’ organizational system of Ningguta. When rebuilding the description of the city space. I tried to use temples’ positions to presume the villages’ distribution. The chapter2 emphasizes and researches the vagrants’ roles in the land and business development of Ningguta. Also, the trade between Ningguta and Korea’s Hoeryŏng is another key point to the business development. Through the record in “the Annals of the Choson Dynasty”, we can understand more about the trading process and contents. Besides, there are some trivial parts about vagrants’ life in Ningguta, which was seldom discussed before, would be referred in chapter2. In Chapter3 we use data of Qing Dynasty to discuss the culture change before and after the business development and its influences to this area. In the final part, it mentioned the government’s attitude and its countermeasures toward to Ningguta’s society change.