| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 經濟學系 === 97 === Afforestation activities not only increase forest cover and carbon sequestration but also promote biodiversity, water-soil conservation and so on. However, there is no commercial forest allowable in Taiwan, and afforestation activities are relying on subsidy policies so far. Today, Greenhouse Gas Reduction Act in Taiwan is on the process of legislation and will be established on the carbon trading platform. Whether the afforestation activities can proceed with carbon trading becomes an important issue. According to UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), carbon reduction activities should be in accordance with CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) Modalities and Procedures to proceed the carbon trading.
The main purpose of this paper is to overall assess if the carbon sinks obtained by afforestation is able to meet the trading norms under the afforestation subsidy policies in Taiwan. Therefore, assuming that the carbon market has been implemented, this research establishes an afforestation activity model to acquire the optimal payments of subsidy policy in order to compare the previous subsidy policy and sustainable afforestation policy proposed by this study. Then, this research examines the process of CDM project screening and assesses the additionality and leakage by CDM Modalities and Procedures in accordance with the information from Taiwan Sugar Corporation afforestation activity.
The results show that the previous afforestation subsidy policy does violate the additionality in the investment analysis of the additionality assessment. On the contrary, the sustainable afforestation policy does not violate the additionality because its payments are lower than the benchmark. Moreover, if the afforestation area in Taiwan Sugar Corporation had been arranged for recreation or business use, the afforestation in this area would violate the alternative land use scenarios in additionality assessment. As for the issue of leakage, since the afforestation activity of Taiwan Sugar Corporation did not significantly affect the timber market and ecological environment, there is no leakage problem. It can be shown that the afforestation area on violation condition will be unable to proceed the carbon trading in the future.
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