| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 動物科學系所 === 97 === The study is divided into two parts. In trial 1, the polymorphisms of mtDNA D-loop and 13 protein codens in ostrich were analyzed. Investigating the polymorphisms in GH1 and MB gene, the aim of trial 2 was to combine these mutations with traits. Initially, SSCP analysis was performed to sieve out different patterns from samples. The individuals with different SSCP patterns were selected to detect and characterize gene polymorphisms by comparative sequencing. The results showed that 16 kinds of constitution from 15 SNPs in ostrich D-loop, definded into 3 clades in phylogenetic tree were drawn by MEGA 4. Sixtysix SNPs were found in all protein codons, incoulding 60 synonymous substitutions and 6 synonymous substitutions were presented at osthich mtDNA. The ATPase8 was considered as the highest conserved region with no polymorphism. The highest diversity in 13 proteins coding regions, NDVI, found 15 SNPs.
In trial 2, there is no different patterns were found in GH1 gene, but two G to A mutations were found in MB gene. Geneotyping by minisequencing were showed frequencies of MB1 mutation in 85nt, GG, GA and AA, were evaluated as 0.273, 0.576, and 0.151 respectively. The allelic frequencies of G and A, were 0.561 and 0.439 between populations. The geneotype frequencies of MB2 mutation in 85nt, GG, GA and AA, were evaluated as 0.561, 0.515, and 0.1 respectively. The allelic frequencies of G and A, were 0.591 and 0.409 in MB1. The G85A at MB1 have siganificant difference（P＜0.05）on average daily gain（ADG）. We proposed GA genotype was better choice for ostrich breeding.
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