| Summary: | 碩士 === 開南大學 === 公共事務管理學系 === 97 === Over the past years, in the Taipei metropolitan, the lack of water had frequently happened, causing the inter-government conflicts. We know the water resource is a necessary factor for area development, no one can survive without water, not to mention other development. No matter water quality or qualtity management, both play important roles of water resource. In earlier years, the ground of Taipei basin were sinking due to the over pumping of groundwater, why don’t we get into collaboration for the control of water by integrating the resources and endeavors from governmental and civil fields. This article shall highlight these focuses.
Over the years, some relative researches of water resource mostly focused on interview and quantitative analysis, this study shall adopt qualitative research under some considerations, collecting abundant data, sorting data via systematization, building assumption that process explanation is to be conducted by data, allowing the dialogues relations occur among data, theory of area development, and cross-boundary management, deeply probing into the implied meanings behind data. Trying to understand the aspect of water resource management, no matter in the rationalization of authority division, or division of administrative district, even the development of collaborative partnership, this article attempts to discuss the water management through groundwater and surface water, trying to study the overall aspects of water resource management, in order to achieve the completeness of this essay.
Mountains are the bounds of water resources, catchment area and forest-covering area are the determining factors of reserves of groundwater and surface water. Once the groundwater was the important water resource of Taipei basin, later the leading growth of Taipei economy, attracting abundant population, causing the industrial prosperity, resulted in the ground sinking due to over pumping of groundwater. The ground policy was executed in order to control the population growth. After the sharp boost of land prices, those traditional industries started to move outward to adjacent county (city). With the emergency of water demands, the governments and civil fields considered various advantages and benefits, so as to develop the surface water, resulting in successive completions of water dams, hence the surface water gradually took the place of groundwater. The water resource of great Taipei metropolitan was used equally under the integration of government. Following the development of so many years, and abnormal climate situation, water resources get into the lack conditions. Because the districts have no sufficient power and resources to face such crisis independently, there have been various conflicts happening among different governments and authorities.
The outward moving of industries toward adjacent districts often caused the pollution events of groundwater in Tao Yuan and Chung Li tableland. To control the use of groundwater, governments cooperated to substantially build the tap water pipes in order to change the water using habits of residents. The anti-pollution law was passed resulting from the endeavor of civil and environmental protection groups, later altered upon the changes of time. The entrepreneurs should appoint positions and employees to undertake the waster issues with professional training and sufficient knowledge, so as to effectively control the sources of pollutions, this is so called collaborative administration. The groundwater level retrieved after years of control. Facing the long term pressure of water lacking, the government should maximize the resource by combining the civil resources and powers to manage and use the groundwater and surface water.
According the evidences of documents, this essay discovered that governments and civil fields would integrate water resources based on public benefits, once the water crisis was happening; attempt to achieve common objects of development. Later, the authorities of institutions would change as a result of the end of relative tasks; nevertheless, the division of powers is to be taken into account again, upon new problems.
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