The study of biomarkers in drinkers with various alcohol-metabolizing enzyme genotypes

• Main Authors: Wei-Hao Yeh, 葉瑋豪
• Other Authors: Li-Yu Tsai
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2009
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89357162554076785290

碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 生物醫學檢驗學研究所 === 97 === Objective: Excessive alcohol intake may cause a lot of damage in tissues,and the rate of alcohol metabolism is affected by various genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes. Therefore, this study investigated the changes of biomarkers in the drinkers with various genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes. Materials and Methods: We designed an applicable questionnaire for the study, which was adopted from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener (CAGE) questionnaires. 214 participants who were classified according to the questionnaires were enrolled in this study. The participants were divided into two groups that were light drinkers (n = 106) and heavy drinkers (n = 108). The complete blood count (CBC) tests (white blood count [WBC], red blood count [RBC], hemoglobin [Hb], mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH], mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC], platelet [PLT] and mean corpuscular volume [MCV]) and the biochemistry tests(Fe, ferritin, transferrin [TRF], carbohydrate-deficient transferrin [CDT], CDT/TRF [CDT%]] were measured. In addition, genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) and catalase (CAT) were analyzed. Results: (1) Analysis of hematological markers: There were significantly higher levels of MCH, MCHC and MCV in the heavy drinkers than in the light ones (p<0.05). (2) Analysis of biochemical markers: there were significantly higher levels of CDT and CDT% in the heavy drinkers than in the light ones (p<0.05). (3) Relationship between the subjects with various genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and drinking habits: Those with ALDH2 wild type rather than those with the ALDH2 *2 carrier containing genotype were predisposed to become heavy drinkers, whatever allele, genotype [(*1/*2) and (*2/*2)], and phenotype (p<0.01), but it did not apply in the subjects with ADH2, CYP2E1 and CAT genotypes. (4) Relationship between the subjects with various combined genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and drinking habits: Those with [the ADH2 (*2/*2) and ALDH2 (*1/*1)], and [ADH2 (*1/*1+*1/*2) and ALDH2 (*1/*1)] genotypes rather than those with the ADH2 (*2/*2) and ALDH2 (*1/*1+*1/*2) genotypes were predisposed to become heavy drinkers (p<0.001). In addition, those with [the CYP2E1 (C/T+T/T) and ALDH2 (*1/*1)], and [CYP2E1 (C/C) and ALDH2 (*1/*1)] genotypes rather than those with the CYP2E1 (C/T+T/T) and ALDH2 (*1/*1+*1/*2) genotypes were predisposed to become heavy drinkers (p<0.001). Finally, those with [the CAT (C/C) and ALDH2 (*1/*1)], and [CAT (C/T+T/T) and ALDH2 (*1/*1)] genotypes rather than those with the CAT (C/C) and ALDH2 (*1/*1+*1/*2) genotypes were predisposed to become heavy drinkers (p<0.01). (5) Changes of biomarkers in the drinkers with various combined genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes: 1 There were significantly higher levels of CDT and CDT% in the heavy drinkers with the ADH2 (*2/*2) and ALDH2 (*1/*1) genotypes than in the light drinkers with the same genotypes (p<0.05).2 There were significantly higher levels of MCHC and ferritin in the heavy drinkers with the ADH2 (*1/*1+*1/*2) and ALDH2 (*1/*1) genotypes than in the light drinkers with the same genotypes (p<0.05). 3. There were no significant biomarker changes in the drinkers with CYP2E1 (C/T+T/T) and ALDH2 (*1/*1) genotypes. ○4 There were significantly higher levels of MCHC and CDT%, and lower levels of TRF in the heavy drinkers with the CYP2E1 (C/C) and ALDH2 (*1/*1) genotypes than in the light drinkers with the same genotypes (p<0.05). 5 There were significantly higher levels of CDT% in the heavy drinkers with the CAT (C/C) and ALDH2 (*1/*1) genotypes than in the light drinkers with the same genotypes (p<0.05). 6 The number of the participants with the CAT (C/T+T/T) and ALDH2 (*1/*1) genotypes was no significant difference, so the biomarkers were not discussed. Conclusion: Drinkers with various genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes may demonstrated different biomarker changes when they consume excessive alcohol.