| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 公共衛生學研究所 === 97 === Introduction：In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity is rising because people are eating and less active. Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. Obesity is related to genetic, environmental and other factors. And some cytokines (CRP, ghrelin, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin) are thought to be factors that cause chronic diseases in obese subjects.
Objective：Our study objective was to determine the differences of cytokine between obese and non-obese subjects. We want to detect cytokine change during weight loss intervention, and to evaluate the relationship between the changes of cytokines and three SNPs. Furthermore, meta-analysis was used to evaluate the effect of weight loss on cytokines.
Materials and Methods：In this weight control study, we recruited 35 obese subjects (BMI ≧ 25) as well as 35 age and sex-matched non-obese subjects (BMI < 25) and performed an intervention study of weight control for 2 ~ 3 months. All subjects were measured anthropometric data and blood samples were collected before and after weight control intervention. We analyzed the biochemical values and cytokine concentrations, as well as the extraction of DNA for genotyping. We selected three SNPs which are leptin (-2548 A/G, rs7799039)、ghrelin (Leu72Met, rs696217)、CRP(+1059 G/C, rs1800947) genes. In our meta-analysis, we reviewed the literature from PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library database, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to exclude 386 papers. We want to explore the relationships of intervention of exercise/diet or orlistat medication drugs with cytokines (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin) improvement in 19 papers. All papers were randomized and controlled for intervention study.
Results：We found that leptin, hs-CRP concentrations in obese subjects are significantly higher than non-obese subjects, and ghrelin is significantly lower in obese subjects than non-obese subjects (p all <0.001). After weight loss, we found a significant declined in leptin and increased in ghrelin (p all <0.01). Leptin SNP (-2548 A/G, rs7799039) AA carriers have significantly higher triglyceride and hs-CRP concentrations than AG/GG carriers. After weight loss, AA carriers significantly reduce percentage body fat, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol and hs-CRP concentrations than AG/GG carriers. Our meta-analysis included 19 papers, we found that CRP, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly reduced, and adiponectin increased after weight control. We provide evidence that improvements of cytokines in exercise/diet intervention group are significantly different from orlistat intervention group.
Conclusion：Our study indicated that weight control intervention can indeed improve cytokines and show that weight loss can modify the inflammatory state. And we suggested that leptin SNP (-2548 A/G, rs7799039) can partly influence obesity and the effect on weight loss.
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