| Summary: | 碩士 === 逢甲大學 === 土地管理所 === 97 === The norm of global warming would gradually increase with the increase over-expropriation of human being. As effect, the damages of natural calamity would also intensify on the human living environment. As the environment was damaged by natural calamity, the issue of post-calamity reconstruction would become a major issue. Therefore, the role of the government, with regards to its position and reconstruction efficiency, required considerable discussions. However, relevant researches in such area were somewhat insufficient. With respect of Taiwan, the impacts of typhoons and earthquakes were rather frequent. As the reconstruction policies of the government were often influenced by the interests groups, however, the damage of calamity reoccurrence towards the reconstruction process has never stopped. Therefore, the inevitable result caused by above behaviors was the norm of government failure. The plan of this research was to adopt the Public Choice Theory as basis in order to conduct analyses on the role of the government in the post-calamity reconstruction. By the case of the Central Mountain, the research seeks to explore the Central Mountain Highway after experiencing the 921 Earthquake and 72 Flood. Furthermore, this research would also investigate on whether the changing of block-mountain policy was influenced by the interests groups or other groups. In the findings, it was discovered that during the 921 Earthquake and 72 Flood, the changing of the block-mountain policy was actually influenced by the lobbing behaviors of interests groups and interferences of bureaucrat standard ideology. As regard, the reconstruction results were total destroyed after the 72 Flood; which not only that the reconstruction policy has not shown the expected results, it has burdened substantial costs on the society. After the 72 Flood, the lobbing behaviors of interests groups and interferences of bureaucrat standard ideology still continued. However, the reconstruction process has been strongly opposed by the Council of Economic Planning Development, which the Central Mountain Highway have remain its damaged status at present. But after the presidential election, under various lobbying behaviors, the Ma administration has promised to reactivate the reconstruction at the Highway. However, by reconstructing on the unstable soil hastily, if the next calamity occurred, the fate of the Highway would be highly doubtful. During the series of process, it was assured that the government has concluded the policy from the suggestions and interests from the minority groups, which has led to the norm of government failure. Therefore, during the process of post-calamity reconstruction, the government should not be influenced by the interest groups, and required to maintain objective and neutral status in facing relevant issues. With the designing of relevant institutions; it seeks to generate appropriate policies that were suitable for the local environment and correspond to the interests of the majority, and forbid policy monopolization by the minority groups.
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