| Summary: | 碩士 === 中山醫學大學 === 職業安全衛生學系碩士班 === 97 === In the last decade, the amount of diesel vehicles in the world is increasing, and more and more people work for diesel vehicle emissions inspection. Diesel vehicle emissions (DVEs) inspectors examine the diesel vehicle emissions under different loading situations in the diesel vehicle emissions inspection station (DVEIS), they exposed to a lot of black smoke and particulate matters when inspected diesel vehicles. The purpose of this study is to determine the PAHs exposure of the inspectors at DVEIS and for the improvement with intervention by air cleaner, electrostatic filters equipped in the air conditioners in office and wearing a dust masks for workers.
Eleven DVEs inspectors working at DVEIS in the central of Taiwan, were recruited as the subjects of the study. The environmental PAHs sampling and analytical methods of the study were in compliance with US/NIOSH No.5506. The analytic method of Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) were in accordance with the method of Keimig et al., 1983 and Jongeneelen et al., 1985. After pre-treatment, air PAHs and urinary 1-OHP were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence detector (FLD), and the urinary 1-OHP was corrected by creatinine (cr.). In addition, a questionnaires of lifestyle and diet customs were adopted to adjust confounders.
The results showed that average concentrations of PM2.5 in the outdoor ambient environment were 45.29±10.62 μg/m3, the inspection line were 120.71±38.09 μg/m3 and 164.48±52.71 μg/m3 in the first and second week, respectively. The average concentrations of PM2.5 in the administrative office were 110.81±40.22 μg/m3(after adjustment inspect line concentration) and 34.94±11.65 μg/m3 before and after intervention, respectively; the concentrations of PM2.5 were significantly reduced 68.5% (p<0.001) after intervention. The average concentrations of PAHs for PM2.5 in the outdoor ambient environment were 16.81±10.56 ng/m3, the inspection line were 87.85±46.41 ng/m3 and 85.43±56.91 ng/m3 in the first and second week, respectively. The average concentrations of PAHs for PM2.5 in the administrative office were 50.03±18.27 ng/m3 and 11.86±6.79 ng/m3 before and after intervention, respectively; the concentrations of PAHs for PM2.5 were significantly reduced 76.3% (p<0.001) after intervention.
The average concentrations of workers’ urinary 1-OHP were 1.29±0.85 μmole/mole cr. and 0.99±0.71 μmole/mole cr. before and after intervention, respectively; the concentrations of workers’ urinary 1-OHP were Borderline significantly reduced 23.3% after intervention (p=0.063). The urinary 1-OHP concentrations would significantly affected by the length of wearing the dust mask of DVEs inspectors after intervention in this study. The average concentrations of urinary 1-OHP of exposure workers were about two times higher than the reference group (0.64±0.47 μmole/mole cr., p<0.001).
This study showed that air cleaners and electrostatic filters can effectively reduce the air PM2.5 and PAHs in indoor; then the urinary 1-OHP concentration of DVEs inspectors can be reduced by the interventions. In the other hand, the length of wearing the dust mask of workers can significantly affect the urinary 1-OHP level.
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