| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中正大學 === 心理學所 === 97 === Two major purposes of the present research was, first, to follow up fifty-four mother-toddlers dyads in two types of new immigrant families, i.e. mothers from Mainland China and Southeastern Asia, as well as in the local families, and the second, to investigate the relationship between maternal parenting behaviors and young children’s responses toward mother’s demands. The research procedures were conducted when toddlers were at 16- and 22-months old. In a free play session, the frequencies of maternal parenting behaviors such as praising the child, repeating children’s verbal responses, questioning, naming objects, threatening, and physical interruptions were videotaped and coded. In addition, mother-toddler eye gazes and joint-attentional behaviors were also measured. In a clean-up session, children’s responses of completing task independently, with mothers’ assistance, with neglect, with avoidance, or with refusal behaviors toward mothers’ demands were measured. Familial SES and mothers’ age were served as family variables. The covariate analysis was conducted to control family SES and the mother’s age. Results found a main effect of mothers’ naming objects behaviors were less in mothers from Mainland China and Southeastern than those of local mothers. The significant interaction effect and its follow-up analysis suggested that at 16 months, less naming objects were found in those mothers from Mainland China and Southeastern Asia than those local mothers. The mother-toddler joint-attentional behaviors of mothers from Mainland China and Southeastern Asia were both less than those with Taiwanese mothers. With increased age, children increased their frequencies in independent completion of the task, and their needs in mothers’ assistance decreased. The results of hierarchical regression analysis with family background (step 1) and mothers’ parenting behavior (step 2) suggested mothers’ parenting behavior predicted children’s independent completion behaviors at 16 months, that maternal threatening behavior predicted children’s independent completion behaviors. The results of hierarchical regression analysis with family background (step 1), children’s responses at 16 months (step 2), and mothers’ parenting behavior (step 3) suggested children’s independent completion behaviors at 16 months predicted children’s responses at 22 months when eliminating the effects of variables of family background. Furthermore, with control of both family background and children’s responses at 16 months, mothers’ parenting behavior predicted the changes between children’s responses at 16 to 22 months. The results suggested that maternal repetition of children’s verbal behaviors predicted the change of children’s independent completion between 16 and 22 months of age. On the other hand, children’s behaviors at 16 months predicted children’s neglected and defiant responses at 22 months when eliminating the effects of variables of family background. The results suggested those children’s neglect and refusal behaviors predicted children’s neglected and defiant behaviors at 22 months of old. In conclusion, mothers’ verbal parenting behaviors and mother-toddler joint-attentional behaviors were significantly different between new immigrant mothers and those of local mothers during early childhood. Mothers’ repetition of children’s verbal behaviors promoted the children’s independent completion behaviors.
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