| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中正大學 === 心理學所 === 97 === This study investigated the attentional inhibition mechanism in item method directed forgetting. The Stroop color-naming task was used to examine whether the color-naming interference was reduced after the presentation of the forget (F) cue. Experiment 1 showed reduction in color-naming interference when the same color-word was cued to forget as compared with a different color-word. This result suggests that the F cue initiated attetnional inhibition to restrain the activation of F word. Experiment 2 manipulated the semantic, phonological and physical characteristics of the color-naming word in order to find out the target of inhibition. The results suggest that it was the physical features, and not the semantic or phonological features that was inhibited. Experiment 3 demonstrated that the interference reduction effect from the F cue was not influenced by the spatial location of the color word. Experiment 4 further investigated the role of F cue delay. The results showed that the effect disappeared when F cue was presented 2,000 milliseconds after the studied words. This result was consistent with the horse-race model. Inhibition could not be executed efficiently when there was a long delay in the presentation of the F cue. In Experiment 5, participants listened to instead of reading the studied word. Both R and F cues showed a larger color-naming interference as compared with the control words. However, the effect disappeared when the color-words and study-words had the same pronunciation. In Experiment 6, a color-naming task was replaced by a word-naming task. A facilition in R and F word naming was found when the studied word was presented in a visual modality, but not in an auditory modality. A facilitation in word naming was also found when the studied word and naming word had the same pronunciation. Overall, the present study suggests that attentional inhibition of physical features is involved in forgetting the studied words, in addition to the selective rehearsal of the R word. Moreover, the process of attentional inhibition seem to moderated by the presentation modality and the nature of the task.
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