| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 未來學研究所碩士班 === 96 === Futures Studies conceptualized in 1940, from 1960 to 1970 went through the peak of development in Philosophy of Science. The main proponents of Philosophy of Science, such as Positivism, Postpositivism and Critical Realism deeply influenced the futurists’ ideas of the time concept in Future Studies. The understanding of time in Philosophy of Science continues the linear time frame of modern physics. Future is happening after the present event. In the field of Futures Studies, people expect futurists to predict futures accurately. When futurists are predicting futures, and mapping possible futures, they employ Holism and Utopian thinking. Karl Propper opposed Historicism of trying to plan a blueprint for society. Jonas believed in Ethics of responsibility, and he asserted that when people are engaged in any activities which are related to futures they should always be concerned with how they are going to affect futures. This research encompasses all the ideas above, and reinterprets the time concept in Futures Studies.
The results of the study are showed as follows:
1.The meaning of prediction is to not focus on the accuracy of itself, but to awaken people’s
awareness of time. If we can predict the future accurately, it is determined. People have no
way to practice for the future. In other words only when futures are open, then people can
participate and pursue their desirable future.
2.The Time concept in Futures Studies is open. Futures are participatory and practical.
3.In Philosophy of Organism and Ethics of Responsibility, any form of prediction and action
which is related to futures should always be concerned with influence to futures and this makes Futures Studies to be responsible and participatory science.
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