Kaishū-Katsu and Navy of the Tokugawa Shogunate

• Main Authors: Shang-Hao Tsai, 蔡尚鎬
• Other Authors: 齋藤司良
• Format: Others
• Published: 2008
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43931218296690250323

碩士 === 淡江大學 === 日本研究所碩士班 === 96 === In June 1853, after Matthew Calbraith Perry had led four warships to arrive the Uraga, Japan''s feudalism then rapidly moved towards the disintegration. Kaishū-Katsu, this name could be appear in the history because of the Rank System disintegration. Under the strict feudalism, the Katsu originally was extremely low rank of the Gokeninn. But after Perry had knocked at the gate of closed Japan to the Meiji Revolution up to during short 15 years, Katsu successively held Secondary Rear Admiral, Rear Admiral, Secondary Vice Admiral, and so on. Finally Katsu promoted to Field Marshal that was allowed to prove Rank System had already disintegrated. Certainly, during this kind of turmoil period, someone was unable to hold the post of the important duty if he did not have the ability. But Katsu had studied the knowledge that was conformed to the time demand. Also it was so-called "Dutch Studies". And it was "European Military Science" that the Shogunate most urgently needed. In July 1853, the chief Rouchuu Masahiro-Abe asked the opinion for vassal with credentials that Perry had brought. Therefore the massive prospectuses were just like the snowflake to well up in abundance to Shogunate. Katsu also proposed his own prospectus in these. If comparing with other same time prospectuses, Katsu’s prospectus orderly, clearly, specifically stated the reform plan. As a result of Katsu’s idea with the Shogunate high level consistency, therefore he was solicited into the Shogunate cabinet, from this developed his mammoth life. On the other hand, because the influence which the Perry’s fleet had knocked at the gate, the Shogunate started to take steps the domestic military reform. But, Shogunate had strictly held feudalism since Rebellion of Simabara, in its armament marine military force may say it to be lacking. Therefore Shogunate penetrated in the European country only had had the trade relations the Dutch business hall, introducing the European navigation technique and the navy technique; but the most initial education institution was Nagasaki Naval Training School. Katsu himself also entered this school to study. He was precisely from this started with the Navy of the Tokugawa Shogunate between connection. The present paper uses the route that reorganizes the Shogunate’s last phase the time environment and under the political system the Katsu’s navy, construction, and the utilization theory. Penetrate the work which Katsu has left behind down to analyze "the navy" so-called regarding the internal Shogunate’s feudalism, as well as exterior surroundings the neighboring country to have any type linking with the influence. Expect to take advantage of this and reexamine the last phase of Shogunate’s navy the nature.