| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 中國大陸研究所碩士班 === 96 === In 1982 China enacted the new constitution in which the 111th regulation defined and established the “village committee” in the countryside to ensure China’s village autonomy. In 1987, the 23rd committee of the 6th the standing committee of National People''s Congres passed the trial organizational regulation of village delegate which clearly defined the elective regulation. In 1998, the 5th committee of the standing committee of National People''s Congres revised the organizational regulation of village delegate which made more specific regulations for election, supervision, council rules, etc. Since then, the election of village delegate was gradually normalized around the nation.
The village committee was an autonomous independent mechanism which was isolated from the PRC governing system. In fact, the village committee was not under the command of any high level governing organization; in stead, the later had to be responsible for directing or supporting the functional operation of the former. According to relevant regulations of the organizational regulation of village delegate, the village committee was more like a autonomous social group which practiced democratic election, democratic decision, democratic governance, and democratic supervision. In addition to the village committee, another mechanism represented PRC government was called branch of Communist party. it was subordinate to the high level PRC party and responsible for enforcing the assigned work or supervising the condition of the village committee. Thus, the relationship and interactions between these two mechanisms might influence the operation of village affairs and the power balance within the village.
In 2002, PRC government proclaimed 14th announcement which demanded that the central office was in charge of completing the election of the village committee. The major job contents of the central office were to legally combined the power of the village committee and branch of Communist party. The purpose of PRC government for this was to resolve the contradiction which was extended from the two mechanisms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the 14th announcement was able to improve or retreat the democratic development in the village.
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