| Summary: | 碩士 === 東海大學 === 化學系 === 96 === Extract from the nacreous layer of the shell of pearl oyster has been proven to have influence on bone formation, alkaline phosphatase activity, elastase activity and cell growth of skin fibroblast in vitro. The shell of the pearl oyster is composed of three kinds of mineralized layers, nacreous, prismatic and periostracum layers. These layers are composed of calcium carbonate, organic matrix (polysaccharide, glycoprotein, protein), water, and varies of trace elements. Pearl belongs to the nacreous layer of the shell; it is formed when the biomineralization of mollusc is progressing and its physical structure is similar to aragonite. In this study, we evaluated biological activities of the mixtures extracted from pearl powder in cultured human skin cells and evaluated the anti-tyrosinase activity of mixtures extracted from pearl powder. Pearl mixture is extracted by water or methanol. Pearl powders were classified on the basis of their particle size (nano-scale and micro-scale) and molecular weight (＞3 kDa or ≦3 kDa). Mixtures extracted from the pearl powder were characterized by SDS-PAGE. Effects of these mixtures on the viability of human skin cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Effect of these mixtures on the inhibition of tyrosinase activity were evaluated by anti-tyrosinase assay. Our results indicate that the mixture extracted from the nano-scale pearl powder by water and methanol exhibits the conspicuous biological activity in promoting the growth rate of skin cells, and mixture extracted from the nano-scale pearl powder by water with molecular weight ＞3 kD has the ability of anti-tyrosinase. Further, pearl proteins precipitated by treatment with ammonium sulfate were separated by Sephadex G25 gel to get Fraction A, Fraction B, Fraction C and proteins which still dissolved in solution. Our results indicate Fraction C exhibits the conspicuous biological activity in promoting the growth rate of skin cells, and Fraction A has the ability of anti-tyrosinase activity.
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