| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣科技大學 === 化學工程系 === 96 === Depending on conditions in the refining process, soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SODD) in Taiwan typically contains about 41-45% free fatty acids (FFAs) and 10-20% triacylglycerols (TAGs). Bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, free phytosterols, fatty acid steryl esters (FASEs) and squalene also make up a significant portion of SODD. The objective of this research is to develop economically viable techniques for the separation and purification of squalene and fatty acid steryl esters from SODD. The quantitative analysis of the separation processes and the feasibility of this method to isolate the constituent compounds were investigated. A modified soxhlet extraction and modified silica gel column chromatography were employed to isolate and purify squalene from SODD. Then, FASEs in high purity and recovery could be further achieved by combination of water-acetone extraction. Here, a modified soxhlet extraction was employed for the efficient separation of FASEs and squalene into non polar lipid fraction (NPLF) and tocopherols, free phytosterols, TAGs, and FFAs into polar lipid fraction (PLF). The effectiveness of this separation was confirmed in subsequent experiments, carried out under the same conditions except with different SODD compositions. The modified soxhlet extraction could obtain NPLF which eliminating tocopherols, free phytosterols, FFAs, and acylglcerols from SODD by 87.99 – 95.68%, 97.26 – 99.76%, 76.13 – 82.11%, and 91.03 – 97.25%, respectively. By combining a modified soxhlet extraction with a modified silica gel column chromatography, squalene with high purity (95.90%) and high recovery (93.09%) was obtained from SODD with an initial squalene content of 1.83%. The design of modified silica gel column chromatography can be used either as soxhlet extraction or column chromatography by setting the valve. Modified silica gel column chromatography possesses advantages over classical one because it significantly reduces the amount of solvent and time required to achieve the same degree of separation. In addition, Water-acetone extraction was employed sequentially in this study to obtain FASEs with three different purities, i.e. 96.55% (20.89 % total recovery), 86.82% (50.57% total recovery), and 70.78% (11.99% total recovery) from SODD.
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