| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 醫學工程學研究所 === 96 === Periodontal tissues which is included alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum and gingival, is the supporting tissues for teeth. Teeth depend on specialized supporting structure (periodontal tissues) connect teeth to jaw bone.
In the process of periodontal tissues regeneration, the progenitor cells which from dental papilla tissues plays an important role. For periodontal and implant surgery, bone regeneration is always critical issue that many processes are developing for promoting regeneration, including tissue regeneration and bone transplantation.
Chitosan is biodegradable, non-toxic, non-immunogenic and natural polymer. Chitosan is thought to help hemostasis and promote wound healing in many studies.
In animal models, it can also enhance bone therapy which means chitosan may have the functions of promoting osteogenic process. There is already study that cells from periodontal tissues will stimulate by chitosan to promote expressing more osteogenic phenotype.
The purpose of this study is discussing dental papilla cells treat with different concentrations chitosan monomer in culture medium and different culture duration, by Alkaline Phosphatase staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, cell matrix mineralization foci staining(Alizarin Red staining) , cell differentiate osteogenic phynotype markers expression and animal experiment for examination the effect of chitosan on bone regeneration.
Our result demonstrated that: (1) When the concentrations of chitosan monomer lower than 0.1mg/ml it won’t injure dental papilla cells. (2) By alkaline Phosphatase staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, ARS staining and gene expressions, chitosan monomer can improve osteogenic phenotype when condition is 0.1mg/ml. (3)Animal experiment also shows that filling with chiosan monomer into bony defects can promote bone formation; if bone defect covered with Polycaprolactone(PCL) scaffold, it can keep chiosan from losing and promote soft tissues, such as periosteum, to attach more completely, then reach to more effective regeneration in bone defect.
These results suggest that dental papilla cells with osteogenic cells phenotype and stimulated by chitosan can promoting osteogenic expression. Whether or not chitosan monomer can effectively promote the regeneration of periodontal tissues needs more detailed study.
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