| Summary: | 博士 === 臺灣大學 === 土木工程學研究所 === 96 === Knowledge is a crucial factor for competition strength of entities (like: individuals, organizations, companies, or agencies). This research explores the literatures related to knowledge management (KM) and proposes methods to entities to improve the management of “experience” (the core of knowledge) in practice, and focuses on KM in tunnel construction of expressway projects, especially from the view of government agencies. The proposed methods, to improve the entities’ capacity and enhance projects’ results in this area, are explored and discussed. The proposed methods include two major parts: experience acquisition and dissemination; where acquisition consists of distilling and organizing processes, while dissemination is accomplished through learning mechanisms.
It is essential to leverage acquired knowledge well in practice. Generally, most KM in construction focuses on explicit knowledge only. Even much tacit knowledge is valuable and important; however, it is less properly managed. After Action Review (AAR), which originally developed by the U.S. Army, is applied in this research to reactivate the scenario of experience of project executions and enable experience acquisition and dissemination more effective.
Appropriate knowledge organization and retrieval can enhance and accelerate the users’ accessibility. Knowledge Organization (KO) systems and Information Retrieval (IR) developed in the domains, such as the library, information, and computer sciences , are popular for delivering knowledge services. However, they are almost developed from the views of administrators’ or providers’ and for general users’ purposes; therefore, it is hard to the specific users to judge whether the browsing or/and querying results, with existed KO systems or IR methods, from the knowledge corpus are suitable or not. This research puts forward a Directional Experience Ontology (DExOntology) framework, which inherits KO characteristics to set up problem-topic ontology of the concerning domain, and augments the retrieved knowledge annotated “orientation” with weighted attributes elicited from domain experts, thus bridges the gap between the services of the existed methods and users’ requirements.
As for enhancing entities’ capacity, on-job-learning is a useful dissemination method but highly constrained practically. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is widely applied in medical discipline and advocated in construction education at schools. Its aim is to improve the traditional educational method—Subject-Based Learning (SBL) drawbacks, and satisfy practical requirements. The nature of construction practice makes on-job-learning with PBL necessary. This research modifies PBL to fit into the practical requirement and proposes the Twin-PBL (Reactivated Problem-Based Learning (RPBL) and Self Problem-Based Learning (SPBL)) Approach to overcome the on-job-learning barriers and improve the experience conversion and dissemination.
Main contributions of this research are: (1) Applying AAR approach, embedded in the review of the workshops for projects’ execution, effectively distills tacit knowledge (experiential content) from involved engineers; (2) Proposing Directional Experience Ontology (DExOntology) Framework that significantly enhances both relevancy and suitability of the experience utilization, and accelerates and improves the experience accessibility to the users; (3) Delivering the revised learning method—Twin-PBL Approach substantially improves the learning barriers, and creating the learning platforms enables the experience conversion and dissemination more powerful in practice.
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