| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 自然資源與環境管理研究所 === 96 === Food is essential for human bodies. Recently, more and more developed countries start noticing the resources input and energy consumption in the food production process, hoping to develop a sustainable supply model of food production by ameliorating the manufacture procedures and advancing the techniques applied. This study thus takes rice, the main grain crop in Taiwan, as the study subject and discusses and analyzes its production process.
The study mainly uses Life Cycle Assessment as the method to analyze the production process of rice crop. The result shows that every hectare of rice farmland can produce 12,344 kilograms of unhusked rice, which can be husked into 8,023.60 kilogram of rice. The material flow analysis shows that water resource input is 18,130 stere of irrigation water and 6,680 stere of effective rainfall, and the primary outputs are evapotranspiration and return flow. Fertilizer material flow shows that chemical fertilizer input is 794 kilogram, and the primary outputs are soil and plant adsorption. The researches concerning pesticides flow and energy flow are less; however, the resources input and output and the material flow ways are presented. Greenhouse gas material flow result shows that every hectare of paddy field can absorb 135,500 kilogram of carbon dioxide, but the field soil and machine applied liberates carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide and other greenhouse gas.
This study concludes that rice production is better than energy crop in both product heat value and carbon dioxide emission value. In addition, the external benefits brought by rice production are much bigger than its impact to environment. The study suggests the government to focus on raising the quality of rice product, expanding the export market, and developing researches for agriculture waste biofuel, rather not brook conversion from paddy field to energy crop field.
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