| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北教育大學 === 心理與諮商學系碩士班 === 96 === This study was to explore the connotation of inferiority experience for identifying the relevant factors that induce inferiority, understanding the impact to adult of inferiority experience, and finding out the possibility to relieve the impact. Qualitative research method is employed in this research. We use in-depth semi-structured interview to understand the experience and background of inferiority of individuals. Data of interviews were analyzed by the coding procedure of grounded theory.
By using pilot questionnaire, 10 subjects that can meet the purpose of the research are selected and invited for research interview. At last, the interview data of 8 subjects are analyzed to be the result of this research (the other two interviews are excluded due to the interview content can’t meet the research topic). Followings summarized the analyzed result:
First, the study found that "inferiority" originated from the following 4 comparison categories: "the comparison of value of intrinsic merits", "the comparison of expected objectives”, "the evaluation from others" and "compared with others." It’s an intention of upward comparison. It represents internal motivation of to “be good.” And it is different from the concept by Adler which emphasizes on the inferiority resulting from intrinsic shortage. Although these 4 categories are resulted from the subjective & intrinsic comparison, it is strongly affected by the values of social culture. This study thus support the viewpoint of Fanon (1971/2005): Inferiority is the interactive deepen result of objective social structure and subject psychological structure.
Furthermore, the study found that inferiority would produce the impact to individuals in the following perspectives: cognition, emotion, and action. In cognitive perspective, it will be easy to induce to “I’m bad, others are good.” In emotional perspective, it will be easy to induce the derogated feeling of “lowliness.” In action, it will induce two contrary reactions, “compensation” and “avoidance.” For the individual, these effects will produce some resistance in development. However, it is also a driving force to promote the progress of the individual. "Inferiority" is not entirely to be negative.
Finally, this study found the possibility of relieving: compensatory replacement, cutting off the link, establishing a new link and establishing new evaluation criteria.
Based on the findings, this study proposed recommendations for counseling and future research.
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