| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 公民教育與活動領導學系 === 96 === This study employed questionnaire survey to investigate Taiwan pupils’ attitudes towards the in-group (Taiwanese) and out-group (Chinese Mainlanders), their sense of national identity, and the relationship between in-group/out-group attitudes and the sense of national identity. The targeted population was the 4th, 5th, and 6th grade pupils who studied in the first semester of 2007 school year in Taipei City and Kaohsiung City. Layered random sampling was applied and 836 children in total participated in the study.
Some findings were generated from the study:
1.Individual background factors (sex, age, local city, language in school, language in family) affected pupils’ sense of national identity.
2.Children's age influenced attitudes towards the in-group and out-group.
3.The children's age identity was more important to them than their national identity at all ages.
4.R.O.C (the Republic of China) national identity became more important as age increased, but age identity became less important as age increased.
5.The children's sense of national identity was positively correlated with their attitudes toward the in-group and out-group.
6.Generally, children perceived more positively about their own group (Taiwanese) than the out-group (Chinese).
7.Social identity theory was detected via the correlation between the strength of national identity and the positive and affective distinctiveness which was ascribed to the in-group.
Finally, suggestions were offered based on the findings to the educational authority, the teacher of elementary school and future interested researchers.
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